Ngokudityaniswa kwemveliso entsha ye-Invesco kulo nyaka, sele zikhona iimali ezininzi esele zenziwe ziinkampani zolawulo ezilawulwa yimigaqo kunye neenqobo ezikhuselweyo yiCawa yamaKatolika. Apho iinkampani ezaphula umthetho wokugcina usapho kunye nomtshato zingabandakanywa kwipotfoliyo yazo.
Ngaphandle kokubuyiselwa inxenye kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo, iimali zotyalo mali zivaliwe kulo nyaka uphelileyo ngemirhumo yemali efikelela kwi-8.410 yezigidi zeerandi, ngokwedatha yakutshanje ebonelelwe nguMbutho waMaziko oTyalo-mali oluHlanganisiweyo kunye neNgxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi (INVERCO). Imveliso enye, iimali zotyalo-mali, apho iimodeli ezisekwe kwiinqobo zonqulo, kwaye ngakumbi amaKatolika, zisabonakala zimbalwa kunikezelo lwangoku.
Iimali zotyalo-mali zamaKatolika azinangeniso ngaphezu kwezinye. Nokuba kungaphantsi kobume babo. Igalelo labo eliphambili kukuba bavumela abasebenzisi ukuba batyale imali yabo ngendlela yokucinga nokwenza ebomini. Ngokusekwe kwiinkolelo zabo kwaye bayayibona inyani yokungqinelana neenkolelo zabo. Esi sesinye sezizathu eziphambili, ayisiyiyo kuphela, kutheni abanye abaphathi botyalo-mali begqibe kwelokuba basungule iimveliso zotyalomali zamaKatolika.
I-ETF ihlonipha iikhrayitheriya
Okwangoku isithembiso sincinci, kodwa ubuncinci siyabavumela ukuba babhaliswe ngabasindisi abanqwenela ukuhambelana ngokupheleleyo nokucinga kwabo ngokwenkolo. Enye yeenkampani zolawulo ezinamandla kwimarike, i-Invesco, iye yaba yeyokugqibela ukuya phambili kwaye inikezela abathengi bayo imveliso yezi mpawu. Ilawula iiasethi ezingaphezu kwe-700.000 yezigidi zeedola kwaye igqibe kwelonyaka ukuba ibandakanye kutyalo-mali lwayo lokubonelela nge-ETF I-MSCI Yurophu ngokuhlonipha imigaqo kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni zeCawa yamaKatolika.
Le mveliso yezemali, i-ETF, idibanisa imali kunye nokuthengwa kunye nokuthengiswa kwezabelo kwiimarike ze-equity. Kodwa ineekhomishini ezikhuphisanayo ezikhoyo kwezi modeli zotyalo mali. Phantse i-0,30% ngonyaka kwikapitali etyalwe imali kwaye ikontrakthi yayo yenziwa ngee-euro, njengoko ziinkampani ezidweliswe kwintengiso yelizwekazi elidala.
Invesco IiNkokeli zeMSCI zaseYurophu ze-ESG Imigaqo yamaKatolika, ibizwa njalo le mveliso, ityala imali kwiinkampani ezihambelana neendlela ezichazwe kwinkolo yamaKatolika. Oku kubandakanya ukukhutshwa kwayo nayiphi na inkampani ebandakanyeka kwimisebenzi enxulumene nokukhupha isisu kunye nezinto zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, uphando lweseli ye-stem, ukuvavanywa kwezilwanyana kunye nokwaphulwa kwamalungelo oluntu.
Utyalomali njengesixhobo
Ukusebenza kwenye yeenkampani zolawulo ezikhethe le ndlela yotyalo-mali, Ukutyalomali okuthembekileyo, akushiyi kungathandabuzeki malunga neenjongo zabo zokwenyani. "Asifuni kuphela eyona mbuyekezo inkulu kubaxumi bethu, kodwa sikwasisixhobo sokushumayela", banefuthe kulo mphathi wengxowa-mali. Ngenxa yolu vavanyo lokuziphatha, ipotfoliyo yayo yotyalo-mali iyayihlonipha imigaqo kunye nemigaqo ye-Social Doctrine yeCawe ekhoyo kwingxowa-mali. Ingxowa-mali yeAltum engaguquguqukiyo yokholo.
Ingxowa-mali yotyalo-mali yokuphefumlelwa okucacileyo kwamaKatolika okhuthaza amaxabiso anje ngokukhusela usapho, ubomi, isidima somntu kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Ubuncinci bokubhaliselwa kolu tyalo-mali luvela kwi-1.000 euro yeevenkile zentengiso. Ngethuba elifutshane ebesikulo nyaka, liye laxatyiswa yi-5%. Iyabonakala ngoba ayinayo kwiinkampani zayo zeepotifoliyo ezinemisebenzi eyaphula umthetho wamaKatolika womtshato kunye nosapho. Ngaphandle kwabenzi beekhondom, ezinje ngeDurex, okanye iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa.
Iingcamango zokuziphatha
Esinye isindululo sotyalo-mali esilolu hlobo simele ingxowa-mali Ubushushu eyenziwe yenye yeenkampani eziphambili zamazwe aphetheyo ezinje ngoJulius Bauer. Ukongeza kwiikhrayitheriya zezemali, kusetyenziswa ezinye izinto zokuthintela ezithintela ukutyala imali kwiinkampani ezisongela ubomi kunye nesidima somntu. Ngayiphi na imeko, ukusebenzisa uthotho lweefilitha ukukhetha kwipotifoliyo yayo yotyalo-mali ezo nkampani zihambelana nemigaqo yokuziphatha yeCawa yamaKatolika.
Inzuzo yayo eqokelelweyo kulo nyaka yenye yezona ziphezulu, i-5,64%. Ngelixa kulo nyaka uphelileyo, obekukubi kakhulu kuyo yonke imali yotyalo-mali esekwe kwii-equity, yehle kuphela nge-6,73% xa kuthelekiswa ne-9,02% yabo bakudidi lwayo. Utyala imali engaphezulu kwama-75% kwizabelo zamanye amazwe, ngeli lixa enye intsalela yabelwa uluntu kunye nabucala ingeniso esisigxina, equka iidipozithi zebhanki zexesha elizinzileyo, phakathi kwezinye izinto zexabiso. Inika ikhomishini esisigxina ye-1,15% kwi-capital invested, ngokuhambelana naleyo yezinye iimali zotyalo-mali zamanye amazwe.
Ukunceda kwezentlalo
Kumgaqo-nkqubo wokuxhasa usapho eSpain, unyango olunengeniso ngakumbi kwiintsapho ezinkulu lunikezelwa ekonakaleni koncedo lokuzalwa kwabantwana. Esi sicwangciso sisetyenziswa kakhulu kumazwe asemantla nasembindini weYurophu, ngentlawulo phakathi kwe-100 ukuya kwi-150 yeerandi ngenyanga kumntwana ngamnye.
ISpain lelinye lamazwe anelinye lawona mazinga aphantsi okuzalwa kwi-European Union. Ngokuzalwa okupheleleyo okungama-8,4 ngabemi abali-1.000 8,2, ngokweedatha zamva nje ezinikezwe yi-ofisi yamanani yaseYurophu, i-Eurostat Apho kubonisiwe ukuba linqanaba lesithathu lokuzalwa liphantsi, kuphela ngaphambi kweGrisi (7,6) kunye ne-Italiya (XNUMX).
Kodwa, ngaba le meko iguqulela njani kuncedo olusemthethweni olufunyanwa zizibini xa zizisa abantwana bazo emhlabeni? Akukho sikhundla sodwa kwiklabhu ekhethiweyo yaseYurophu. Nokuba ungayiphumezi njengesinyanzelo kwaye ngale ndlela uncede iintsapho zixhamle kwimeko yazo entsha njengabazali.
AmaScandinavians: olona lukhulu kakhulu
E-Yurophu, ngawo kanye amazwe akumbindi nakumantla eli lizwekazi angabona banesisa ekuphuhliseni imigaqo-nkqubo eyandisa inqanaba lokuzalwa kubemi babo. Omnye wale mizekelo umelwe yiSweden, okwangoku ecamngca ngoncedo lwee-euro ezingama-115 ngenyanga kumntwana ngamnye, kwaye yandiswa unyaka nonyaka de inzala ibe neminyaka eli-16 ubudala. Kule meko, kukhatshwa sisongezo esincinci senyanga kwiintsapho ezinkulu.
Kwimigca efanayo lelinye ilizwe laseScandinavia, iDenmark, ethi ngaphakathi kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali ngokubanzi iseke ukukhutshwa kwenkxaso-mali kwiintsapho ezikwi-150 yeerandi kwinzala nganye kwaye isebenze ukuya kuthi ga kwi-18 iminyaka. IFinland ikwanika abazali i-euro ezingama-100 ngenyanga, ngokukhula okufikelela kwiminyaka eli-17 kwaye okunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe njengoko inani labantwana lisanda. Ngelixa eNorway, usana ngalunye lufunyanwa ngentlawulo phantsi kwengalo ngezixa ezifanayo kakhulu nezangaphambili, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-18 leminyaka ubudala.
Ityala elikhethekileyo lise-Estonia, elinentlawulo yenyanga ye-50 euro ukuya kwiminyaka yobudala. Ukwafumana ii-euro ezingama-320 ngexesha lokuzalwa kwakhe kwaye oko kuphakama ukuya kwi-1.000 yeerandi kwiintsapho ezinkulu. NgokweZiko loMgaqo-nkqubo woSapho (IPF), esekwe kwidatha evela kwi-MISSOC (INkqubo yoLwazi oluBini kuKhuseleko lweNtlalo), ezi zinto zihlala zixhaswa luluntu ziphindaphindwe kumazwe akumbindi welizwekazi.
EJamani nase-Austria, abazali bayakwazi ukufumana i-216 kunye ne-131 ye- € kumntwana wokuqala, ngokwahlukeneyo. Ngelixa amazwe ebhlogi lobukomanisi ebelisungule kuluhlu oluphakathi kwama-20 ukuya kuma-30 euros, ngaphandle kweViktor Orban yaseHungary, ephakamisa le nkxaso-mali yosapho iye kwi-euro ezingama-41.
Ezi zincedisi ziyancediswa ngezinye izibonelelo zoncedo ezinje ngezo zimelweyo zokuncitshiswa okanye zokuxolelwa kwinkcitho yezityalo okanye kwintlawulo efunyanwa ziintsana kwaye eya kuhlala de ifikelele kuninzi lwayo. Inani elonyuka ngokuqhubekayo njengoko umntwana ekhula.
Ukuncitshiswa kwerhafu eSpain
Abazali baseSpain, kwelinye icala, abanakho ukufikelela kulo naluphi na uncedo olusemthethweni lomntwana ozelweyo. Nangona ngokuchaseneyo, banemfundo yasimahla kunye neyasesekondari. Ngaphandle kokuba eli nyathelo lidluliselwe kwizifundo eziphakamileyo eyunivesithi okanye kwiinkulisa. Uncedo ngexesha lokuba ngabazali kwinqanaba likazwelonke, nangona kufanelekile ukuba kugxilwe kwinkxaso yemali enikezelwa luluntu oluzimeleyo okanye ulawulo lwengingqi (iiholo zedolophu, amabhunga eedolophu ...).
Ngayiphi na imeko, elona nyathelo lihle kakhulu lihambelana noncedo lokuzalwa elinesixa se-euro ezingama-1.000 11.606 kwintlawulo enye kwaye kuthintelwe kuphela kwiintsapho ezingagqithi kwimida yengeniso yosapho. Ngeemida eziphakathi kwe-15.087 kunye ne-17.467 ye-euro yeentsapho ezingezizo ezinkulu, kuxhomekeke kubantwana abaxhomekeke kubo. Ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, kwezi zininzi iphakama phakathi kwe-37.272 kunye ne-XNUMX euros. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, akufuneki ukuba bafumane nasiphi na isibonelelo sohlobo olufanayo ekujongwe ukuba sifunwe.
Kwelinye icala, iintsapho ezinkulu zinokuxhamla kunciphiso olufumanekayo kweli qela libalulekileyo lezentlalo ngengxelo yengeniso kwaye emiselwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Ukuncitshiswa kwee-euro ezingama-1.200 kusapho olukhulu ngokubanzi (abantwana abathathu okanye abane).
- Ukuncitshiswa kwee-euro ezingama-2.400 kwabo bakudidi olukhethekileyo (abahlanu okanye nangaphezulu abantwana).
- Ukuncitshiswa kwee-euro ezingama-1.200 kwiintsapho ezinabantwana abakhubazekileyo.