Ukusukela oko kwafika iCoronavirus, iimarike ziye zaqala ukosulelwa kukungaqiniseki, uloyiko kunye nokuthanda izinto, okushiye igumbi elincinci elingakhange lifumane ziphumo zalo. Iinkampani ezininzi zibona ukusebenza kwazo kusengozini. Abanye babo bathetha ukuba banokubekwa esweni ukuze baphephe ukungabinamali, kwaye abanye banxulunyaniswa nezinto ezingekho mthethweni abanalo ithamsanqa elincinci.
Ngaphambi kokuba ubhubhane lube yindyikitya yokufa, nangaphambi kokuba lubekho, Imarike yorhwebo yayisele ihamba kumzuzu othile owahlukileyo. Ngaphezulu kwayo yonke loo nto, yezinyithi ezixabisekileyo, kunye nesitshixo sokwenza imveliso, njenge-palladium, esetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-catalytic converters zeemoto, ii-capacitors, kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki. Nangona kunjalo, ukungavisisani okunokubakho phakathi kwe-USA ne China, kwakusele kunyuse amaxabiso ezindawo ezikhuselekileyo ezaziwayo kunye ne "homogeneous" yayo, igolide nesilivere. Kodwa sinokuba siye phi nyhani?
Igolide iyadibanisa, kodwa ayibuyeli umva ekunyukeni kwayo
Ngexesha lokugqibela igolide yayijikeleze i-1.700 yeedola, kwakusekupheleni kuka-2012. Ukusukela ngoko, ukubuyiswa kweemarike kunye nokuzithemba kubatyali kuqhubekile nokuyityhalela emva $ 1.000 ngeyunce nganye ekupheleni kuka-2015. I-Brexit, kunye neengxaki ezithile zokwakha kwindawo ye-euro, kunye neziganeko ezithile ezithe zenzeka kule minyaka izayo, zibangele ukuba ifikelele kwi-1.300 yeedola kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo.
Kwelinye icala, ukungavisisani kwamagunya amabini, i-USA ne China, kwaqala ukucaphukisa ukunyuka okuthe chu kwexabiso lawo. Ngo-2019, igolide yawaphula loo mqobo kwaye yakwazi ukunyuka malunga ne-200 yeedola, ibeka isinyithi esinexabiso elixabisa i-1.500 yeedola. Kwaye xa kubonakala ngathi isivumelwano siza kufikelelwa, kwaye iimarike "zabonakala" ukuba ziqale ukuzola, iCoronavirus iye yatyhalela i-ounce ngaphezulu kwe- $ 1.700. Kwakhona, ngokuguquguquka okuphezulu, njengamacandelo amaninzi. Ewe, ngolwe-Lwesibini sabona i-ounce kwakamsinya emva kokufikelela kwi-1.800 yeedola, ngelixa ngolwesiHlanu yayithengisa phantse i-100 leedola.
Isisa phi le nto? Ingxaki ka-2008 ikhokelele igolide ukuba iqhubeke nokukhula kule minyaka imbalwa izayo. Yiyo loo nto lo mbono kufuneka ukhutshelwe ngaphandle kunye neCoronavirus, kuba loo ngxaki yayiyinkqubo yezemali. Nangona kunjalo, le ngxaki yezempilo, kwaye ichaphazele amacandelo amaninzi ngokumisela ukuvalelwa yedwa, ukuvalelwa, kunye nezithintelo zorhwebo ezichaphazela imixokelelwano eyahlukeneyo yemveliso. Kwelinye icala, into eqinisekileyo yeyokuba iibhanki ziqale "ukuprinta" imali, ethi nje ukuba ijikeleze "kufuneka" inyuse ixabiso leeasethi. Ukuthathela ingqalelo eli tyala, ukuba ingxaki ye-Coronavirus isekude ukuba iphele, kwaye oorhulumente basacinga malunga nendlela yokuqalisa kwakhona umsebenzi kancinci kancinci, ukuphinda kujongwe intsimbi.
Ioyile iyazika ngexabiso kwaye isecicini lokuwa
Ukuba into ihambe kakuhle ebomvu, licandelo leoyile. Xa ukuveliswa kweoyile sele kufikile kwiirekhodi ngo-Agasti e-Iraq, kumzamo wokumisa ukuhla kwamaxabiso I-Saudi Arabia ne-Russia bafikelele kwisivumelwano kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo ukunqanda ukopha. Ngokukodwa, nasemva kwentlanganiso kaxakeka ne-OPEC, bavumile yinqumle imveliso yayo ngezigidi ezingama-20 zemigqomo nganye usuku. Esi sivumelwano sabangela irekhodi eliphezulu ngosuku olunye lweoyile, apho lade lanyuka ngaphezulu kwama-40%.
Nangona kunjalo, iCoronavirus ityhola ukusetyenziswa kancinci kweoyile, kwaye akukho ndawo yokugcina kuyo. Iitanki, imibhobho kunye nemiqolomba engaphantsi komhlaba ifikelela kwimida. I-Arhente yaMandla yaMazwe ngaMazwe (IEA), ipapashe kule veki ingxelo apho inxibelelana khona njenge imimandla emininzi ifikelele kubungakanani bemithamo. Kukwaqatshelwe ukuba ifuthe lobhubhane libangele ukuhla kwe-25% kwimfuno yeoyile. Ukuhamba usuka malunga ne-100 yezigidi zemiphanda ngosuku ukuya kwi-75 yezigidi.
Ukuba iifowuni zokugcina zifikeleleke ngokubanzi, ukupompa ioyile kufuneka kuyeke. Oko kuwa kungathatha ixabiso lomgqomo ukuya kumaqondo asezantsi awayengenakulindela ukuba abonwe. Kwaye yonke le nkxalabo inkulu igqithiselwe kwiimarike apho siye sabona khona I-Brent oyile ivaliwe kwi-28 yeedola kwiBarrel, kunye ne-WTI yeoyile kufutshane ne- $ 18 lo Lwesihlanu, Epreli 17.
Zonke iinkampani zeoyile zichaphazele. I-Repsol, iRoyal Dutch Shell, i-Exxon Mobile, iyonke ... Nangona namhlanje kukho amaxesha anzima ngaphambili, kwaye ekugqibeleni kwehla kumaxabiso egolide emnyama kunye neenkampani ezidwelisiweyo, ngekhe kumangalise ukuzibona.
Izinto ezinxulumene nokutya okutya
Ayizizo zonke eziwe kwintengiso yezinto zokwenza imveliso. Kwicandelo leemveliso zokutya umzekelo, Esinye sezifundo esonyuse kakhulu ngo-Matshi ibiyi "Orange Juice". Esinye sezizathu sasinjalo ngenxa yeVitamin C, kwaye kukuba ubhubhane wentsholongwane ubangele ukusetyenziswa kwayo xa kusaziwa ngezinto ezininzi eziluncedo zomzimba.
Kumgca ofanayo nokusetyenziswa kweJusi yeOrange sifumana ikofu. Ukusetyenziswa kwekofu kuye kwandiswa njengoko ukusetyenziswa kwayo kufunwa ngakumbi ngenxa yokuvalelwa yedwa kunye nefuthe ebantwini yiCoronavirus. Kule meko, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwakumalunga ne-15%.
Umgubo nengqolowa zikwabone ukwanda kweemfuno njengezinto eziyimfuneko, ukunyusa amaxabiso abo nge-12 kunye ne-8% ngokwahlukeneyo. Kwaye nangona oku kuyingozi ukuyithetha, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezingafunekiyo ezinje ngezi kunokubangelwa ziziganeko zoxinzelelo apho abantu abaninzi bondliwa khona. Nangona kunjalo, eli bango lingangachaneki kwinqanaba elithile, njengoko abanye babethwe kakhulu. Umzekelo unokufunyanwa kwi Umbona, apho ngenyanga kaMatshi wawa kwaye wawa malunga neepesenti ezingama-20. Eminye imizekelo yokuphazamiseka kwiimveliso ezisisiseko inokufumaneka kwiswekile, icocoa okanye iinkuni.
Ukutshintsha kwemarike kunye noqoqosho ekuvukeni kwesifo seCorona Virus kubangele utshintsho olukhulu kwimfuno yeemveliso zokuqala. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba iiasethi ezikhankanywe kweli nqaku ziphakathi kwezona ziphambili zichaphazelekayo kwintlekele yehlabathi.
Ukwanda kwesidingo semveliso yokutya esisiseko kuvakala kakhulu kwiindaba zikamabonakude zamazwe kunye nakumaphepha-ndaba esizwe, nangona kunjalo, ii-akhronimi ezibhekisa kukonyuka kokutya okuqinisa amajoni omzimba zazinomdla kakhulu. Ukonyuka kwemfuno yejusi yeorenji kukwabonisa indlela umthengi aziswe ngayo malunga nezibonelelo zokutya kuba, njengoko kukhankanyiwe, ityiwa iVitamin C.
Umxholo okhankanywe apha ngasentla weoyile unomdla kuba, ngokuchaseneyo nokunyuka kwexabiso leemveliso eziye zanyuka iimfuno, ixabiso leoyile liyehla kakhulu ngenxa yokuncipha kokusetyenziswa. Kwakungakhange kuthathelwe ingqalelo iingxaki ezinokuziswa kukungabikho kwendawo yokugcina ioyile ukuba ayithengiswa kunye nokukhawuleza efuna ukusombulula le ngxaki ukuze uqoqosho lweoyile luqhubeke nokuwohloka kwihlabathi liphela.
Ulwazi olunomdla nolunomdla kutshintsho lwamaxabiso ngenxa yesifo.