Kwiveki yokugqibela kaSeptemba, amaxabiso ekrwada anyuke ngaphezulu nje kwama-20% (Brent) kunye ne-17% (West Texas) emva kwemizuzu yokuqala yorhwebo kwi-International Petroleum Exchange (IPE) eLondon. Emva kweSaudi Arabia, umvelisi wesibini ngobukhulu begolide emnyama kwihlabathi, wabhengeza ukuncipha kwimveliso yeenkampani zeoyile yaseSaudi Aramco ngama-50% emva kohlaselo lwabavukeli base-Yemeni Houthi ngokuchasene nezona ndawo ziphambili zokucoca. Kwaye babeke abatyali mali kwiziko lomdla kurhwebo kwimarike yemasheya kwimfuno yabo yokwenza imali yabo ibe nenzuzo ngexesha elifutshane.
Ngale ndlela, ixabiso leoyile ekrwada kungokunje linendawo yenkxaso kuluhlu lwama-68-74 eerandi, ngelixa uxhathiso sinesikhokelo esidlulayo ngaphezulu kweedola ezingama-80. Nangona sinako ukuthetha ngotshintsho olunokubakho kwindlela esifuna ngayo ixabiso ukuba sitsibe ngaphezulu kokuxhathisa kokugqibela. Ukungabikho kude kakhulu kuyo njengesiphumo sokurhoxa okutsha nje kwezi zinto ziluhlaza. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba ingaphantsi kwe-10% kuqwalaselo lwamaxabiso ayo.
Ukuba le meko yokugqibela yenzekile, akuthandabuzeki ukuba amathuba amatsha abalulekileyo abonakalayo. Imelwe zezinye zeenkampani zeoyile ezibaluleke kakhulu kwihlabathi, njengakwimeko ethile ye I-Repsol, i-Exxon kunye ne-BP. Ezi zinto zintathu onokukhetha kuzo ezinomdla kakhulu ukuba amaxabiso egolide amnyama ayavela kwiintsuku ezizayo ngenxa yayo nayiphi na imeko. Kodwa banokwenza ngcono kunamanye amaxabiso ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili, okoko nje behamba kunye nokunyuka kwexabiso elibi.
I-Repsol, i-Exxon kunye ne-BP: ezinokubakho
Enye yezinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe malunga nexabiso lecandelo leoyile kukuba abasasebenzi kulayini oqhelekileyo weshishini. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, bakhetha iimodeli ezinokuphinda zihambelane namaxesha amatsha. Le nto ngendlela inokukunceda ukuba uphucule ixabiso lakho. kwixesha eliphakathi nelide. Kodwa kwelinye icala, banokunciphisa umda kunyuko kwimeko yokunyuka okumangalisayo kwixabiso legolide elimnyama. Sisixhobo somdlalo ophindwe kabini ukuba abatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi kuya kufuneka baphile nawo kunyaka olandelayo.
Enye into ekufuneka ixabisiwe kwiRapsol, Exxon kunye neBP kukuba bebegcina phantsi kwexabiso elinomda kakhulu. Ngaphandle kovalo kanye njengokuba yayiqhelekile ngamanye amaxesha embali. Oko kukuthi, babonisa inqanaba elisezantsi lokungazinzi kwaye oku kuhlala kuziindaba ezilungileyo kwimidla yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ubuncinci ezo zibonelela ngamaxesha amade okusisigxina kutyalo-mali kwaye, ngapha koko, zizisebenzisela izicwangciso zazo zotyalo-mali. Ngale ndlela, ilahleko encinci inokulindeleka kunakwenye iminyaka.
Yahlula ipotifoliyo yotyalo mali
Injongo yokubandakanya ezokhuseleko kwindawo elandelayo yotyalo mali ilele kwinto yokuba Ilahleko zomqamelo ezinokuthi ziveliswe kwizikhundla zazo. Singalukhetha olu khuseleko lwecandelo elinxulunyaniswe neoyile ekrwada kunye nezinye izindululo kwiimarike zezabelo ukuzama ukwahlula utyalomali. Oko kukuthi, ukuzikhusela kwiintshukumo ezingafunekiyo kwimarike yemasheya kwaye ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo inokufika kwiintsuku okanye kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezizayo. Ke ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungatyali imali kukhuseleko olunye, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo, kungcono ukwenza ingobozi enomtsalane yezabelo ezihambelana. Oko kukuthi, abaphumi kwicandelo elinye lemarike yemasheya, kodwa basuka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo kwaye bahlukile.
Kule meko ngokubanzi, iRepsol, i-Exxon kunye ne-BP kunokuba zizindululo ezichanekileyo ezinikwa ukuba kungenzeka ukuba ixabiso leoyile liye kwinqanaba eliphezulu $ 90 umphanda. Inganika ukomeleza okukhulu kwipotfoliyo yethu yotyalo-mali, nangona umngcipheko ekusebenzeni uphezulu kancinci. Kodwa kufanelekile ukuzama kuba le asethi yemali ekufuneka ubekwe kuyo ukusukela ngoku. Ngenxa yokukhula enakho kwaye ingaphezulu kwezinye ii-asethi eziyimali. Njengoko ibisisithethe kule minyaka idlulileyo, njengoko ubona kumaxabiso ayo embali.
Iinkampani zeoyile ezineendawo zokujonga umhlaba
Alithandabuzeki elokuba i-Repsol, i-Exxon kunye ne-BP ezintathu zizimvo ezilungileyo zeshishini, ubuncinci ngokomgaqo. Kodwa kufuneka incediswe nezinye izindululo ezinokuba yinzuzo kakhulu ukusukela ngoku. Enye yazo ivela kukhuseleko oluhambisa izabelo phakathi kwabanini zabelo abanesisa, ngamaxabiso ahamba kuluhlu oluya Iipesenti ezingama-5 ukuya kuma-8%. Ukuze ngale ndlela, kutyalo-mali oluphakathi kwee-euro ezingama-10.000, iqondo lenzala elijikeleze i-euro ezingama-600 ngonyaka linokufezekiswa kwaye liqinisekiswe. Ukuthi basebenze ukuqinisekisa ilahleko enokubakho kutyalo-mali.
Elinye iqhinga liya kusekelwa ekujoliseni amaxabiso okhuselo okhuselo ngakumbi ukuba bangaqhubeka nendima yamaxabiso akhuselekileyo kwezona meko zibi kwiimarike zezabelo. Ngokukhuselwa okukhulu kwizikhundla zethu kwimarike yemasheya kwaye oko ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuya kunika ukhuseleko olukhulu kwinkunzi esiyityalileyo. Akumangalisi ukuba, ngabo banikezela ngoku ukungazinzisi okuncinci ngokweyantlukwano phakathi kwamaxabiso aphezulu kunye neyona isezantsi. Ngaphandle kwengeniso abanokuthi banikele ngayo nangaliphi na ixesha elinikiweyo, kwaye oko kunokuba phezulu okanye kusezantsi kuxhomekeka kuninzi lweemarike zesitokhwe.
Inkampani yesizwe okanye yelizwe jikelele yeoyile
Esinye sezitshixo zokumisela ukuthengwa kwezabelo ngokusesikweni ngabathathu abenziwe nguRepsol, Exxon kunye neBP kukwazi kwaye kucace gca malunga nento esiyifunayo. Ukuba, kwelinye icala, sikhetha iinkampani zeoyile kwindawo esondele kuyo okanye ukuba, ngokuchaseneyo, sizisekele kuluntu jikelele. Zimbini izicwangciso, zombini zivumelekile, ezenziwa ngokugqibeleleyo ukusukela ngoku kwaye kuphela iprofayili yethu njengabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi abaya kufumana isisombululo esifanelekileyo ekukhetheni ukutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya. Nangona esazi ukuba zonke zingumthombo wesalathiso ngaphakathi kwicandelo legolide elimnyama.
Kule meko, kwaye ngokubhekisele kwiRapsol, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba le nkampani kunye namaqabane ayo Baqalisile ukuvelisa ioyile eBuckskin, indawo enamanzi anzulu kwi-US Gulf of Mexico. Imveliso yokuqala, eyayicwangciselwe ukuphela kwalo nyaka, sele iqhubile iinyanga ezimbalwa kwaye ifikelela kwimigqomo yeoyile engama-30.000 ngosuku. Kule projekthi i-Repsol kunye namaqabane ayo baphumelele ukunciphisa iindleko nge-60% xa kuthelekiswa nesicwangciso sokuqala sophuhliso. Isenokuba sisizathu esongezelelekileyo sokuthatha izikhundla eRepsol ukwenzakalisa abo bakhuphisana nabo kweli candelo lezamandla.
Iya phi ioyile?
Lo ngumbuzo wesigidi seedola ngenxalenye elungileyo yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi ukusukela kule datha, izikhundla ziya kuthathwa okanye azisayi kuthathwa kwamanye amaxabiso akhankanyiweyo. Uqikelelo lubonisa ukuba ngexeshana elifutshane baya kuba nakho ukwenza ngaphezulu kweedola ezingama-85 umphanda. Ukuba bekunje, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba iya kuba ngumsebenzi onenzuzo kakhulu kwixesha elifutshane neliphakathi. Ngobukho bokwenyani bokufumana inzuzo ngokuhamba phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-20%. Imalunga nokuzuza ngaphezulu kwamaxabiso amaninzi afanelekileyo Eyona indices zemarike yestokhwe, eSpain nangaphandle kwemida yethu.
Kwelinye icala, nantoni na engekho mgangathweni engaphantsi kwe- $ 60 iya kuba ziindaba ezimbi kakhulu kubatyali mali. Ayisiyiyo kuphela into yokuba abayi kuba nakho ukwenza ukuba imisebenzi ibe yinzuzo, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo banokuwela kwilahleko kwipotifoliyo yabo yotyalo-mali. Ukusuka kolu luvo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba sazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni nge-oyile ekrwada ukuze sazi ukuba yeyiphi indawo ekufuneka siyithathile kula maxesha. Apho sonke siyazi ukuba ukuthenga nokuthengisa izabelo kwimarike yemasheya yeyona ukhetho olukhethiweyo yinxalenye elungileyo yabatyali mali ukwenza ukonga kwabo kunenzuzo. Kodwa kule meko ngakumbi, uqaphele unxibelelwano olukhulu ezi nkampani zidwelisiweyo zinokuvela kwezinto ezibalulekileyo zakwamanye amazwe.
Kuyimfuneko ukwahlula phakathi kotyalo-mali olujolise kwelona xesha lifutshane kunye nezo zijolise kwixesha elide lokusisigxina. Kwimeko apho, baya kufuna unyango olwahlukileyo kwasekuqaleni. Ngenxa yokungazinzi okukhulu okuchazwe kule asethi yemali inesidingo esikhulu kuluntu kwiminyaka yakutshanje kwaye kwinqanaba elincinci okanye elingaphezulu kunokumisela inzuzo elandelayo. Kwicandelo elisebenzayo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Uqikelelo lubonisa ukuba ngexeshana elifutshane baya kuba nakho ukwenza ngaphezulu kweedola ezingama-85 umphanda.