Kudzingwa kunotsanangurwa sechisarudzo chemukuru, mushandirwi kana mushandirwi kumisa hukama hwevashandi pakati pake nemushandi.
Uku kudzingwa kunogona kuverengerwa zvinoenderana nemamwe maitiro.
- Kudzingwa basa: Kana mushandi aputsa zvakakomba kubasa.
- Chinangwa kudzingwa: Kana mushandirwi afunga kumisa hukama hwevashandi obva agumisa chibvumirano chevashandi uye opembedza kudzingwa kwacho nezvikonzero zvine chinangwa.
- Kudzingwa pamwe chete: Kana chinangwa chekudzingwa chikabata huwandu hwakawanda hwevanhu vari vekambani imwe chete.
- Kudzingwa zvisina tsarukano: Kana mushandirwi asingaratidzi kutyorwa kwebasa kune iye mushandi, ndiko kuti, zvinodiwa zvepamutemo zvekumudzinga hazvisati zvasangana.
Pazasi isu tichatsanangura imwe neimwe uye hunhu hwayo zvakadzama pamwe nemienzaniso kuitira kuti iwe ugone kusiyanisa nekuzvinzwisisa zviri nani.
KURAMBISWA KURANGWA:
Rudzi urwu rwekudzingwa ndipo apo mushandirwi, nekuda kwekutyora kusingachinjiki kana kwakakomba, anoita sarudzo yekumisa hukama hwevashandi pakati pevaviri.
Zvinoenderana nechinyorwa 54 chemutemo wevashandi, zviito zvinotevera zvinonzi kutyora kwakanyanya kwebasa:
1. Kakawanda kusinganzwisisiki kusavapo, sekunonoka kuenda kubasa.
2. Kusazvibata pabasa uye kusatevedzera mitemo mukati mebasa.
3. Mhirizhonga yekurova kana yekutaura kumushandirwi kana chero munhu waanoshanda naye pamwe nehama dzaanogara nadzo.
4. Kana paine kushungurudzwa kwekuvimba nemushandi kuna mushandirwi.
5. Kutadza kutevedzera basa rakabvumiranwa panguva yekubhadharwa kana kuti mashandiro aro anoramba achidzikira.
Kunwa doro kana kushandisa zvinodhaka uye zvinokanganisa basa remushandi.
7. Kushungurudzwa pabonde kwevashandirwi kana mushandirwi nerusarura kunoenderana nerudzi, zvebonde, zera, chinamato, pakati pevamwe, kurwisa chero munhu waanoshanda naye.
Chirango chekudzinga tsamba muenzaniso.
Luis anoshanda muresitorendi. Pasina kana mwedzi wapfuura akange apesana nemumwe weavaishanda naye; Nechikonzero ichi, chirango chakaiswa kuna Luis uko zvakataurwa kuti akapara mhosva huru, akamiswa kubasa kwemazuva gumi asina muripo. Asi vhiki rapfuura chiitiko ichi chakadzokororwa nemumwe waaishanda naye, asi panguva ino akaenderera mberi ndokumurova. Nechikonzero ichi, kambani inosarudza kusarudza kudzingwa kunoshanda kuna Luis nekurova mumwe wavanoshanda naye.
Asi izvi hazvingagumi pano, nekuti izvi mhando yezvibvumirano zvekubatana Ivo vanogara vaine chikamu kwachinotarisirwa kusazvibata uye zvirango zvavo zvinoenderana uye uko, mune nyaya yekutadza kwakanyanya, vanogona kurangwa nekudzingwa kwechirango kwemushandi.
Este rudzi rwekurangwa, inogona zvakare kutariswa seyakakodzera, isingagamuchirwe kana isina.
- Kudzingwa. Kana zvikonzero kana kururamisa zvataurwa mutsamba yekudzingwa zvanyatsoratidzwa. Pamusoro pekuti mushandirwi haafanire kubhadhara chero muripo kune aimbove mushandi.
- Kudzingwa zvisina tsarukano. Kana zvikonzero zvataurwa mutsamba yekudzingwa zvisingakwanise kuratidzwa mukuwedzera pakusatevedzera zvinodiwa zviri pamutemo. Panyaya iyi, mushandirwi anofanira kusarudza pakati pokudzorera basa kumushandi wake kana kumuripa, kana akasarudza wekupedzisira, anofanira kumubhadhara mazuva makumi matatu nematatu emubhadharo pagore raakashanda, nemuganhu wemakumi maviri nemana ekubhadhara pamwedzi.
- Kushaya kudzingwa. Kana paine rusaruro rwemhando ipi neipi, semuenzaniso: kudzingwa basa nekuda kwekunamata zvakasiyana, zvaunofarira pabonde, ruvara rweganda kana chitarisiko zvacho. Mushandi anofanira kudzoserwa, achimuisa panzvimbo imwechete yaakashanda, pamusoro pekumubhadharira mubairo waakange amira kugamuchira kubva pazuva raakadzingwa.
CHINANGWA KUDZINGA.
Ndiyo mhando yekudzingwa iyo chibvumirano chebasa chinogumiswa nezvikonzero zvehupfumi kana sangano kana matekiniki ekugadzira nekambani.
Zvikonzero zvikonzero zvakasimbiswa muchinyorwa 52 cheET.
Semuenzaniso wechinangwa chekumisa tsamba.
Laura akashanda mukambani inogadzira machira, asi muna Chikumi 11 chibvumirano chake chakapera nekuda kwekudzingwa zvine chinangwa, uye mune iyi nyaya akapihwa tsamba, uko kambani yacho yaiti zvikonzero zvehupfumi, sezvo zvichinzi kambani iyi yaipfuura nhanho yekuramba ichirasikirwa kwe5. makore.
Nenzira imwechete iyo kudzingwa kusina tsarukano, kudzingwa nenzira ine chinangwa, kunogona kuve kwakakodzera, kusaruramisira kana kushaya basa, kana mushandi akakumbira rubatsiro kumatongero ekuita dambudziko.
Rudzi urwu rwekudzingwa runokodzera kupihwa muripo wemazuva makumi maviri emubhadharo pagore uyo waishandirwa kambani nemari inosvika gumi nemaviri ekubhadhara pamwedzi.
KUSVIRA KUDZINGA.
Rudzi urwu rwekudzingwa kunoitwa kana iko kubviswa pamwe chete kuchitanga uye kuchikanganisa huwandu hwakawanda hwevashandi vanoshanda mukambani imwe chete.
Inotarisirwa sekudzingwa pamwe chete kana:
- Vashandi gumi vanodzingwa basa kubva kukambani imwechete iyo ine huwandu hwevashandi zana mukutarisira kwavo.
- 10% yehuwandu hwevashandi vanoshanda mukambani imwechete iyo ine huwandu hwevashandi vari pakati pezana kusvika mazana matatu evashandi.
- Vashandi makumi matatu mune zvemakambani ane vashandi vanodarika mazana matatu vanovashandira.
Nenzira imwecheteyo sekudzingwa zvine chinangwa, mune nyaya yekudzingwa pamwe chete, unofanirwa kupihwa mari nemazuva mashoma makumi maviri emubhadharo wako kwegore rimwe rebasa mukambani ine muganho wemwedzi gumi nemaviri.
Dambudziko rekudzingwa kubva, risingagamuchike kana risingabatsiri.
Muchiitiko chekuti mushandi haagutsikane nekudzingwa basa kwaakaitwa kwaari nekambani kwaaishanda, chaanofanirwa kuita kuita kupokana kwemutemo, asi izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa mukati memazuva makumi maviri ebhizinesi. kuburikidza nesarudzo yekuyananisa.
Mushure mekuita kupokana, mutongi ndiye anotungamira kuzivisa kudzingwa kwacho sekukodzera, kusingagamuchirwe kana kusabatika. Kana ichizivikanwa kuti inogamuchirwa, zvinoreva kuti kambani yakateedzera zvese zviri pamutemo zvinodiwa kururamisa kudzingwa kwacho nekuda kwematambudziko emukati.
Mushure mekudzingwa basa, zvinoita here kuwana kushaikwa kwemabasa?
Zvisinei nenyaya yekudzingwa (chirango, chinangwa kana chinangwa) mushandi ari pasi pemamiriro epamutemo ekushaya mabasa uye nekuda kweichi chikonzero iwe unogona kukumbira mabhenefiti akapihwa ekushaikwa kwemabasa uye nekudaro, une mvumo yekukumbira iwo marovha mabhenefiti ayo anoenderana newe zvine chekuita nemipiro yawakaunganidza.
Panguva yekukumbira kushaya basa, kudzingwa kwacho kunofanirwa kuve kunogamuchirwa kuburikidza nechitupa chekambani. Kana mushandi akaita chikumbiro chekudzingwa basa, chinozopihwa chiito chekuyananisa, chingave chekutonga kana chepamutemo, nenzira imwecheteyo nemutongo wepamutemo wekuti kuziviswa kwekudzingwa kwakakodzera kana kusina kukodzera kwakaitwa.
Kana kudzingwa kwacho kuri kusaruramisira, zvichave zvakakodzera kuratidza kuti mushandirwi kana mushandi haana kukodzera kudzorerwa.
KUSABVARIRWA KUNOKOSHA.
Pane zvikonzero zviviri zvinoita kuti kuziviswa kwekusagamuchirwa mukudzingwa.
1. Zvinodiwa zvepamutemo zvaidikanwa zviri pamutemo hazvina kuzadzikiswa nekuda kwechikonzero.
2. Zvikonzero zvinopihwa newaunoshandira hazvirwisane zviri pamutemo nekudzingwa, izvo zvavanodaidza kuti "chikonzero chekudzingwa."
Pazasi isu tinonyora zvakajairika zvinodiwa kuti kudzingwa kuve nazvo, chero mhando yako:
- Mushandi anofanirwa kugara achiziviswa nekunyora nezvekambani danho rekusaramba achimushandira uye chinhu chisingadziviriki.
- Tsanangura zvikonzero uye chokwadi chekutyora kunopihwa mushandi, kana iri nyaya yekudzingwa; kana kana zvichikonzerwa nekudzingwa zvine chinangwa, zvikonzero zvakakonzera danho rekugumisa vashandi vari pasi pezvavari kupomerwa zvinofanirwa kutsanangurwa.
- Zuva rinodzingwa basa rinofanira kudomwa, uye zviri pachena kuti harifanirane nezuva iro sarudzo yekumisa mabasa avo yakaziviswa. Semuenzaniso, mushandi anogona kuziviswa mwedzi yakati wandei nguva isati yakwana.
- Mafaira anopesana haafanire kugadziriswa pachirango chekudzingwa kwevamiririri vevashandi kana vamiriri vevashandi, pamwe nekuterera kune anoshanda mushandi, kana kunhengo dzinoumba mubatanidzwa wavo. Zvisinei kuti uyu ndiye mutariri wechitoro uye kambani yaiziva nezve iyi mamiriro emushandi.
Kukundikana kutevedzera chero izvi zvepamutemo zvinodiwa zvinokonzeresa kuti kudzingwa kuverengerwe sekusagamuchirwa.
Zvakakosha simbisa kuti mushandirwi ndiye anosungirwa kuratidza zvikonzero izvo zvakaratidzirwa mutsamba yekudzingwa.
Zvisinei nekuti zvinodiwa zvepamutemo zvasangana here, sarudzo yekutsakatika inonzwisiswa seisingabvumirwe kana mushandi asingapi chikonzero chakakwana chechikonzero chekudzingwa.