Iyo FTSE 100 indekisi inoumbwa nemakambani zana makuru (nemari yemari) yakanyorwa paLondon Stock Exchange (LSE). Ivo anowanzo kunzi makambani epamusoro, uye iyo index inoonekwa seyakanaka chiratidzo chekuita kwemakambani makuru eUK akanyorwa.
Zvinorevei FTSE? Zita reFTSE 100 rinotangira payakange iri yake 50% neFederal Times neLondon Stock Exchange (LSE), saka FT neSE vanova FTSE. Izvo zvinorevawo kuumbwa kwayo kwemakambani zana.
Mamwe mafonti eFTSE. Mumusika weUK, imwe indices yeUK FTSE inosanganisira iyo FTSE 250 (makambani mazana maviri anotevera makuru mushure meFTSE 250) uye neFTSE SmallCap (makambani madiki pane aya). Iyo FTSE 100 uye FTSE 100 pamwe chete vanoumba iyo FTSE 250 - wedzera iyo FTSE SmallCap uye iwe unowana iyo FTSE Yese-Kugovana.
Nhoroondo yeFTSE 100
Iyo FTSE 100 yakavhurwa muna Ndira 3, 1984 uye yaive nekutangira kukosha kwe1.000,00. Kubva ipapo, kuumbwa kweiyo index kwakachinja kusingazivikanwe, nekubatanidzwa, kuwanikwa uye kutsakatika kwemakambani, zvichisimbisa chinangwa cheindekisi kuita sebarometer yechiitiko chemusika. Iyo inoshandurwa kota yega yega kuona kuti inoramba ichiratidza makambani zana epamusoro.
Inoverengwa sei? Chiyero cheFTSE 100 chinoverengerwa uchishandisa huwandu hwemakambani capitalization emakambani anoisanganisa (uye kukosha kweiyo index) kuburitsa iyo yega nhamba inotsanangurwa.
Nekuti misika yose yemari inokosheswa nemitengo yezvikamu zvega zvemakambani, sezvo mitengo yezvikamu ichichinja zuva rese, saka kukosha kweindekisi kunochinja. Kana iyo FTSE 100 iri "kumusoro" kana "pasi," kuchinjana kuri kutengesa kupokana nekuvhara kwezuva rapfuura.
Icho chimiro chaunoona pamanheru nhau ndeyekuvhara kukosha kweiyo FTSE 100 yezuva iro. Muchokwadi, iyo index inoverengerwa ichienderera zuva rega rega revhiki (kusanganisa zororo reUK), kubva na8: 00 mangwanani (musika wakavhurika) kusvika 16:30 pm (musika uri padhuze).
Maitiro eFTSE 100 Anokubata Sei
Iwo mwero weFTSE 100 unokanganisa vanhu vazhinji muUK, kunyangwe kana vasingazviriritire ivo pachavo - sevane pension fund vanobata, vane mari dzavo dzinogona kunge dzichiiswa muzvikwata zveUK, mashandiro eiyo indekisi inobata zvakananga kune purofiti. vachagamuchira.
Iyo FTSE 100 iratidziro yakanaka yezviitiko zvehupfumi uye zvepasi rese - inowanzo kuwira mukupindura kumisika inodonha pasirese.
Iwo makambani ari muindekisi anoyerwa sei? Ukuru hunoyerwa nemari yemusika (kana "musika capitalization" sezvo indasitiri inoda kuidaidza), rinova izwi rinoshamisira kune izvo chaizvo zviri kukosha kwemusika wekambani.
Kune avo vanoda ruzivo, izvi zvinowanikwa nekuwanza mutengo wazvino wemasheya ekambani nenhamba yemasheya aburitswa kana "akapa masheya" (nhamba yakatengeswa uye yakachengetwa nevashambadzi), usati wawedzera nhamba iyi nekambani " yemahara ichiyangarara chinhu "(iyo yemahara ichiyangarara chinhu inoratidza huwandu hwezvikamu zviripo zvekutengeswa pamusika). Izvi zvinoguma nekukosha kunoratidza kuti yakakosha zvakadii kambani zvichienderana nemusika.
Iwo 100 ekutanga, kusanganisira mamwe emakambani epasi rese pamwe nemakambani eBritish, anozoverengerwa muFTSE 100 uye anozivikanwa semakambani e "blue chip" (senyika yepoker, apo "blue chip" inomiririra kukosha kwakanyanya). Bhuruu machipisi makambani akura.
Zvinorevei kana zvichikwira kana kudzika?
Iwe uchaverenga kana kunzwa senge "FTSE 100 yakavhurwa makumi maviri poindi kumusoro pa20" kana "FTSE 7.301 yakadonha 100% pazuva." Mashoko akadaro anowanzo teverwa nekutaurwa kweimwe seti kana indasitiri yakakonzera purofiti kana kurasikirwa.
Sekuchinja kwemutengo wekambani, ndizvo zvichaitawo musika wayo wemari, zvinoreva kuti indekisi yose ichachinja mukukosha, ichikwidza nekudzika sezvinoita mitengo yemugove yemakambani. Yakawanda zvakadii zvainofamba zvinoenderana nehuremu hwekambani mune indekisi.
Kana uchiverenga indekisi uchishandisa makapeti emusika, indekisi "yakayerwa musika", zvinoreva kuti makambani ari muFTSE 100 anoremerwa zvichienderana nehukuru hwawo. Naizvozvo, shanduko mumutengo wemugove weRio Tinto (imwe yemakambani makuru muFTSE 100) ichave nemhedzisiro huru pane yakazara indekisi kupfuura kambani yakaita saTesco, ine misika yemari (uye nekudaro uremu muindekisi) idiki kwazvo .
Nekudaro, kana paine nhau dzakanaka kwazvo nezveimwe inorema kambani kana indasitiri (pamwe mutengo wesimbi unokwira uye nekudaro makambani emigodhi, kusanganisira Rio Tinto, ona yavo yemitengo inokwira), izvi zvichave nemhedzisiro pane yakazara index. Rudzi urwu rwemashoko runogona kungoendesa index kumusoro chero bedzi pasina nhau dzinotyisa kubva kune imwe kambani kana indasitiri yekugadzirisa iyi pfuma.
Kujekesa kuti nei kumuka kana kudonha kweFTSE dzimwe nguva kuchitaurwa mumapoinzi, indekisi yakatangwa pakutanga muna 1984 uye yakapihwa kukosha kwekutanga kwekukosha kwemapoinzi chiuru. Nhasi zvakakosha pasi pezviuru mazana manomwe nemazana mashanu, zvinoreva kuti makambani zana epamusoro akura kanosvika ka1.000 mumakore makumi matatu apfuura (zvimwe kana zvishoma).
Izvi zvese zvinei chekuita neni?
Zvakanaka, kana iwe ukaiswa mari muhomwe, maneja wako anogona kunge achishandisa chimwe chinhu senge FTSE sereferenzi. Muhomwe yepassive, maneja anotenga izvo zvinhu zvakanyorwa muindekisi uye anovavarira kuenzanisa mashandiro eiyo index iwe. Mune homwe inoshanda, maneja anoshandisa iyo index seyekushandisa kune zvekutenga uye anovavarira kupfuurisa iyo index. Izvi zvinokutendera iwe kuti uongorore mashandiro ehomwe yako kana uchienzaniswa nezvaizogoneka dai waisa mari muindekisi.
Pamusoro pezvo, semuridzi weUK pension fund, imwe yemari yako yepenjeni ingangowanikwawo muzvikwata zveUK zvakanyorwa pane indices dzeFTSE. Saka mashandiro eiyo indekisi anozokanganisa zviwanikwa zvako, sezvazvichaita kana iwe ukaiswa mari muIsa stock nemasheya.
Iyo FTSE 100 inoonekwawo seyakanaka chiratidzo chehutano hweUK uye hupfumi hwenyika dzese (nekuti inosanganisira makambani epamba uye epasi rese). Iyo inowanzo famba mukupindura kwezviitiko zvezvematongerwo enyika kana zvehupfumi kutenderera pasirese sezvo vanhu vachiwedzera kuvimba kana kusagadzikana (uye nekudaro vachida kuisa mari kana kupunzika) zvichibva panhau dzakadai. Inogona kupa zano rakanaka rekuti varimari vanowanzo kunzwa sei, ingave tariro kana kutya, izvo zvinobva zvazivisa yako sarudzo nezve yekudyara kana kwete, uye pekuisa kana kutora mari yako.
Saka kunyangwe iyo FTSE 100 isingakwanise kuita kuti moyo wako umhanye zvakanyanya sekutarisira kwerudo kubva kune rimwe divi retafura, kunzwisisa chinangwa chayo kuchakubatsira kufamba mumisika yezvemari zvirinani (zvakanyanya kupfuura kiyi yakaderera ingangoita). Ini ndinotenderera zvakadaro).
Ipo iyo FTSE 100 iri inonyanya kufarirwa indekisi, kunyanya muUK, kune akati wandei akakosha indices. Semuenzaniso, kune zvakare iyo FTSE 250 (makambani makuru mazana maviri anotevera, anowanzo tarisa kumusika wepamusha pane iyo FTSE 250) uye iyo FTSE 100 (inova mubatanidzwa weFTSE 350 uye iyo FTSE 100). Mamwe makambani anomhanyisawo madhairekisheni, akadai seStandard & Poor's, ayo anomhanyisa iyo S&P 250 Index (iwo makambani makuru mazana mashanu akanyorwa paNew York Stock Exchange).
Nekudaro, iyo indices haisi chete zvinyorwa zvemakambani. Yakagadziriswa mari yekushandisa (zvisungo, semuenzaniso) zvine yavo indices; Bloomberg Barclays Global Aggregate Index mumwe muenzaniso. Izvi zvine huwandu hwakawanda hwechengetedzo yemari yakatarwa inosanganisira hurumende nemakambani zvisungo, kubva kumisika mbiri dzakasimukira uye dzichiri kusimukira kutenderera pasirese. Zvichakadaro, Bloomberg Commodity Index ine runyorwa rwezvinhu zvinosanganisira mafuta, chibage, goridhe, uye mhangura.
Iyo FTSE Boka (zvisina kufanira inonzi 'footsie') mubatanidzwa pakati peLondon Financial Times neLondon Stock Exchange. Chirevo FTSE chinomirira Financial Times uye Stock Exchange uye indices dzeboka dzinosanganisira makambani makuru eUK akanyorwa kuLondon Stock Exchange.
Iyo FTSE 100 yakatanga kugadzirwa muna Ndira 1984 ine nhanho yepasi ye1.000 uye kubvira ipapo yakakwira kusvika padanho rinopfuura zviuru zvinomwe, kubva munaKurume 7.000. Mushure mekupora kubva pazasi yakasvikwa panguva yedambudziko rechikwereti European mutongi wekupedzisira 2018 uye kutanga kwa2010. , indekisi yakazodarika yapfuura nguva-refu yepamusoro ye2011 yakasvika munaZvita 6.950 panguva yekukwira kwebhuruu yeinternet.
Vazhinji vatengesi vepasi rese vanoona iyo FTSE indices, uye iyo FTSE 100 kunyanya, sechiratidzo chemusika weUK zvachose, zvakafanana nemaAmerican investor vanoona iyo Dow Jones kana S&P 500 indices.
Rondedzero inonyanya kufarirwa inochengetwa neFTSE Boka ndiyo FTSE 100, iyo ine makambani zana anowanikwa muUK akanyorwa paLSE. Uye zvakare, iyo FTSE Boka inochengetedza mamwe maIndices kubva kuFTSE Yese-Kugovana kune izvo zvinonzi maindices ehunhu akadai seFTSE100Good Global index inotarisana nebasa rekambani.
MaIndices anozivikanwa kwazvo muFTSE Boka anosanganisira iyo FTSE 100, FTSE 250, FTSE 350, uye iyo FTSE Yese-Kugovana. Aya maIndices anogona kuputswa kuita yepamusoro-mashandiro, mashoma-mashandiro, uye ex-IT indices ayo akaverengerwa pakupera kwezuva. Semuenzaniso, iyo FTSE Boka Ethical Indices, pamwe chete inozivikanwa seFTSE4Good, inoteedzera misika yepasi rose, Europe, UK, US uye mimwe misika.
Mamwe makambani anowanzozivikanwa anotengesa paFTSE 100 anosanganisira:
BP plc (NYSE: BP)
Nhoroondo ye BHP Billiton plc ( NYSE: BBL)
Randgold Resources Ltd. (NASDAQ: GOLD)
Rio Tinto plc ( NYSE: RIO)
Iyo kambani GlaxoSmithKline plc ( NYSE: GSK)
Rakazara uye up-to-date rondedzero yemahara uye nemitengo yavo inogona kuwanikwa pane iyo FTSE Boka webhusaiti.
Maitiro ekudyara mari muFTSE 100
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzakasiyana dzevatengesi vepasirese kuti vazviratidze ivo kune iyo FTSE 100 uye imwe yeiyo FTSE Group indices Shanduko-inotengeswa mari (ETFs) inopa nzira iri nyore yekuti vatengesi vazviburitse, asi hapana yeFTSE 100 ETFs yakanyorwa pane kuchinjana kweUS. American Depository Risiti (ADRs) inowanikwawo kune zvimwe zvikamu zveizvi indices.
Zvimwe zvakajairika FTSE Boka ETFs zvinosanganisira:
iShares FTSE 100 (LSE: ISF)
HSBC FTSE 100 ETF (EPA:UKX)
DBX FTSE 100 (LSE: XUKX)
Mari yezvikamu Lyxor FTSE 100 ETF
Mari yezvikamu UBS FTSE 100 ETF
Vashandi vanofanira kugara vachichengetedza zviyero zvemari mupfungwa pavanenge vachiisa mari kune dzimwe nyika ETFs, sezvavanokwanisa kuwana zvikomborero zvenguva refu. Ipfungwa zvakare yakanaka kutarisa kune homwe iri muhomwe portfolio kuti uone indasitiri kana chikamu chematambudziko. Semuenzaniso, iyo UK ine yakanyanya kusangana yemari masevhisi emakambani achienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika zhinji.
Mukuwedzera kune maADR mashanu ataurwa pamusoro, mamwe maADR anozivikanwa anosanganisira:
Vodafone Boka (NASDAQ: VOD)
Nhoroondo ye Barclays plc (NYSE:BCS)
Unilever plc (NYSE: UL)
HSBC Kubata (NYSE: HBC)
ARM Kubata (NASDAQ: ARMH)
Vashandi vanofanira kuziva kuti ADRs inogona kunge isingasviki semhando yezvikwata zvakanyorwa paLondon Stock Exchange. Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kuti urangarire kuti makambani aya anogona kusataura kuUnited States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), izvo zvinogona kuita kuti zviome kuita nemazvo kushingaira.
Dzimwe nzira kune FTSE indices
Vatengesi vepasi rese vanotsvaga kuratidzwa muUK vane dzimwe sarudzo zvakare. Kunze kwezvikamu zveFTSE zveboka, pane mamwe maEFs anopa huwandu hwakawanda hwenzvimbo iyi. Iwo maIndices kuseri kweaya ETF anosanganisira MSCI, BLDRS, STOXX, uye HOLDRS pakati pevamwe, imwe neimwe ichipa yakasarudzika maonero pane portfolio kugoverwa.
Zvimwe zvinowanzozivikanwa neUK-zvakatarisa ETFs zvinosanganisira:
MSCI United Kingdom Index Index (NYSE: EWU)
BLDRS Europe 100 ADR Index Fund (NYSE: ADRU)
STOXX European Sarudza Dividend Index Fund (NYSE: FDD)
SPDR DJ STOXX 50 ETF (NYSE: FEU)
BLDRS 100 ADR Index yeMakambani Akagadziridzwa (NYSE: ADRD)
Vashandi vanofanira kuziva kuti mamwe eEFF ane ruzivo rwakawanda kupfuura kungo UK. Semuenzaniso, vanogona kuve nekuratidzwa kwakakura kumatokisi eEuropean, ayo anogona kuunza dzimwe njodzi.
Iko kushambadzira kwemusika wemari, ipapo. Anotungamira anotyisa kune izvo zvipikirwa kuva nguva ine njodzi kune hupfumi hwenyika? Kana mukana wakajeka wevanoziva vatengesi vemari kuti vaite miriyoni?
Zvishoma pane zvese zviri zviviri, kuve wakanaka. Kugadziriswa kwemusika kunoratidza kushamisika kwekuwana izvo makambani mazhinji achasangana nazvo munguva pfupi. Inopawo vanoshuvira mamirioniyari mukana wekuwedzera kudzoka pane avo mari.
Kiyi yekuita hupfumi kutenga masheya, kwete nechinangwa chekuti vachaita sei svondo rinouya, mwedzi unouya, kana gore rinouya. Vashambadziri vane ruzivo vanotenga makambani angangobudirira mumakore gumi (kana kupfuura). Uye kune toni yeakakura maFTSE 10 masheya senge aya akatsvairwa mukati mekuparara kwemusika wakazara. Izvi zvinopa yakajeka vatengesi vane maziso egondo nemikana yekubata chibvumirano kana maviri.
Mamiriyoniire?
Persimmon (LSE: PSN) ndeimwe yemitengo yakaderera yakatemwa yaFoosi iyo yandinofunga inogona kuve mamioneya mumakore mashoma anotevera. Mitengo yemasheya evaki vekumba yadonha mumwedzi ichangopfuura sezvo mamiriro eupfumi ari kuramba achiipa, pamwe nekurangarira kwenhamba zhinji yezvigadzirwa zvemitero nevanokweretesa, zvawedzera kushushikana nezve kudonha kwedzimba.
Ichitevera kushomeka kwemutengo uchangoburwa, persimmon iri kutengesa pamutengo / muhoro (P / E) chiyero chingangoita gumi nemaviri. Iko kuverenga kunoratidza kuti bhizinesi iri kutengeserana, saka. Ndiri kufarira kwazvo mu12% mugove wedividhi unotakurwa nekambani yeFTSE 5 ye100, zvakadaro. Kudzoka kukuru seizvi kunogona kuve kwakakosha mukubatsira vangangoita mamirionea kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvavo zvekudyara. Uye zvakare, iyo FTSE Boka inochengetedza mamwe maIndices kubva kuFTSE Yese-Kugovana kune izvo zvinonzi maindices ehunhu akadai seFTSE2020Good Global index inotarisana nebasa rekambani. Zvichakadaro, Bloomberg Commodity Index ine runyorwa rwezvinhu zvinosanganisira mafuta, chibage, goridhe, uye mhangura.