Kana tichinongedzera kudhinomine iri idzva, zvivakwa kuwanda kwevanhu, tiri kureva a mamiriro mubato rekudyara. Naizvo, chero munhu anogona kuwana zvidhinha kubva pamubhadharo mushoma wemari. Kuburikidza nhevedzano ye real estate projects izvo zvinomisikidza mamwe mapuratifomu anotarisira kuzviisa mukuita. Izvo chaizvo ndezvekudyara mune real estate chikamu, asi nemusiyano wekusaenda kumisika yemari. Kwete zvakati wandei kuburikidza nekutenga uye kutengeswa kwemasheya mune ino nyanzvi chikamu. Chero zvazvingaitika, ipfungwa itsva inogona kupa kudzoka padyo ne15%.
Uku kudyara kunosimudzirwa nenguva yakanaka iyo chikamu chekuvaka chiri kupfuura muSpain, sezvakaratidzwa mune yazvino dhata yakapihwa kubva kuchikamu ichi. Nekuti zvirokwazvo, iyo nhamba ye kutenga uye kutengesa mabasa yakawedzera mumwedzi ichangopfuura. Nebasa rakakura mumabasa akaitwa uye kuwedzera kwemutengo wemafurati. Zvese zvine chekuita nekuvaka nyowani uye rendi.
Maguta makuru nemaguta makuru akatungamira kukura kwemitengo yeimba kuSpain muna 2017, iine gore-gore-gore kuwedzera kwe7,5% muna Zvita, zvichienzaniswa ne4,5% yeavhareji yenyika, maererano nenhamba dzepamwedzi IMIE General uye Grandes Mercados, yakagadzirirwa nekambani yekutengesa zvivakwa uye nekambani yezano Tinsa. Mamiriro epamusha eMedhia anoramba ari pamazinga aNovember 2013, nekudzikira kwekuwedzera kwe38,6% kubva muna 2007. Kusimbisa kuti inguva yakanaka yekudzokera kuzvidhinha senzira yekudyara.
Real estate kuwanda, chii icho?
Iyi nyowani yekudyara sisitimu inotungamirwa nevashandisi kufarira mune yezvidhinha chikamu. Kuburikidza nehurongwa hwakapetwa kaviri pane chikamu chevamiririri vaviri vanotora chikamu muchiitiko ichi. Kune rimwe divi, mapuratifomu ayo vane mari kuenda kune aya edzimba dzimba pasina kuenda kunzvimbo dzechikwereti. Vachave nemari yakawanda yekuchengetedza iyi pfungwa nekubhadhara chimbadzo chidiki kune iwo maricho avanopa kune aya mapurojekiti. Semhedzisiro yemaitiro aya, ivo vari muchinzvimbo chekuzvipira pachavo kune akati wandei mapurojekiti eaya maitiro.
Kune rimwe divi, kune vashoma varimari vanogona kuita kuti kuchengetedza kwavo kubatsire kupfuura izvo izvo zvakasiyana zvigadzirwa zvemari zvinovapa. Hazvishamisi kuti michero yemubatsiro inosimbiswa pakati pe2,50% ne14% anenge. Chero zvazvingaitika, uine mubereko wakakwirira kupfuura uyo unopihwa nemamabhangi modhi (nguva dzinoiswa, maakaundi ane mari yepamusoro, manotsi ekuvimbisa kubhengi, nezvimwewo). Muzviitiko zvese nekudzoka kusingapfuure 1% mazinga. Semhedzisiro yemari yakachipa neEuropean Central Bank (ECB).
Iine margins akakwirira kupfuura equities
Real estate kuwanda kwevanhu kunodarika iyo purofiti inogadzirwa neiyo fixed income. Hazvishamise kuti, zvinocherechedzwa kuti mari iyi haifambi kuburikidza nenguva dzakanakisa semhedzisiro yekusagadzikana kwemisika. Kune rimwe divi, iyo inogona zvakare kuvandudza kuita kwequity muzviitiko zvakawanda. Mupfungwa iyi, hazvigone kukanganikwa kuti indekisi inosarudzika yemabhizimusi eSpanish, Ibex 35, yakayemurwa pamusoro pegore rapfuura ne8%, nepo mabenchmarks mazhinji eEurope akadaro nekukomberedza 13%. Mupfungwa iyi, kubva kune inonzi nzvimbo yekutengesa zvivakwa, aya margins anogona kutogadziridzwa.
Chero zvazvingaitika, kudzoka pane iyi nyowani yekudyara zvinoenderana nemutengo wemba chero nguva yakapihwa. Saka iri a kubatsirwa kwemwaka nekuti hazvingagare zvakafanana mumakore ese. Mune mamwe mazwi, muzviitiko zvekuwedzera mukuvaka, zvinogona kutungamira kumatanho akanyanya emubhadharo. Paunenge uri munguva dzakawandisa kufarira kwako kunogona kuwira kune mashoma margins, akakomberedza 1% kana 2%. Mupfungwa iyi, zvakakosha kuti usarudze kuti uchaisa mari riini muzvirongwa zvezvivakwa. Nekuti mutsauko wakakosha mukuita purofiti unogona kugadzirwa.
Mari inochengetedzwa sei?
Kana iwe uchifarira kuisa mari yako mukirasi ino yemapuratifomu edzimba, hauzove nesarudzo kunze kwekunzwisisa kuti iyi nzira yekutengesa. Zvakanaka, kutanga kwezvose zvivakwa mapuratifomu ayo ari kutarisira kuwanda kwevanhu kushambadzira mapurojekiti avo kuburikidza nemapeji avo ewebhu. Iko iko kwese hunhu hwepurojekiti yega yega. Kubva pane ayo akasarudzika kune iyo purofiti inogona kuwanikwa. Pasina kukanganwa nguva yeprojekti yavachaita nguva dzese.
Kamwe chirongwa chikakukwezva, iwe unofanirwa kungoisa mari mairi. Iwe unenge uine temu yenguva uye kuti pakupera kwayo iwe unozogona kudzoreredza mari pamwe neicho chinoenderana nechido. Hazvifungidzirwe hapana mhando yemakomisheni kana zvimwe zvinoshandiswa mukutarisira kana kuchengetedza. Chero nzira, mari yeprojekti inogona kunge yakatovharwa kuburikidza nekubatana kwevamwe vadiki nepakati varimi vari mumamiriro akafanana newe.
Ruzivo pachena
Kumwe kwekusahadzika kukuru kunowanikwa neiyi mari inokosha pakati pevanogona kuisa mari ndeyekuti ino sisitimu ye monetize mari yakachengeteka zvachose. Zvakanaka, kuti uve nechokwadi cheichi chiitiko, iwe unenge usina imwe mhinduro kunze kwekutora iyi ruzivo kuburikidza neNational Securities Market Commission (CNM). Hazvishamisi kuti mapuratifomu ekubatana anofanirwa kutumira ruzivo rwavo rwese kumutumbi wekutonga weSpanish. Naizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kushanda chete nemakambani akanyoreswa zviri pamutemo. Kana zvisiri, iwe zvirinani usiye kuita chinangwa chako chekudyara mari mune aya edzimba dzimba.
Kune rimwe divi, ichokwadi kuti parizvino hapana huvepo hwakasimba hweaya mapuratifomu mune iripo yezvivakwa kuwedzeredza kupa. Asi zvirinani, kana iwe uchida kugutsa ichi chakakosha kudiwa chaunogona kuitisa chero nguva yehupenyu hwako. Ivo vanonyanya kuve mukati memakuru makuru erudzi. Semuenzaniso, mumaguta akaita se Madrid neBarcelona pamusoro pezvimwe zvacho. Nekuti iri chaizvo munzvimbo idzodzo uko mapurojekiti anovandudzwa uko kubva zvino zvichienda mberi iwe uchave mumwezve investor.
Kuita mukuita
Chero zvazvingaitika, chii chinonyanya kukufadza iwe kufarira kwaunogona kuwana kuburikidza neaya mashandiro muchikamu chekutengesa zvivakwa. Vanofamba pasi pechikamu chakachinjika chinogona kusvika 15%. Chikonzero chinopfuura chinogutsa chekuti iwe ugamuchire chero izvi zvifungo zvinopihwa neaya anonzi mapuratifomu ekubatana. Kunyangwe iwe uchifanirawo kutarisa nguva yakatarwa yekuvhiya. Nekuti mukuita, zvinogona kubva pamwedzi mishoma kusvika kumakore akati kuti iwe uchafanirwa kuwana mubairo wako wakakodzera.
Chichava kufarira icho iwe chauchazogamuchira kana iyo kupera kwechirongwa iyo yawakasarudza. Sezvauri kuona, hapana kudzoka kwakaenzana kune yega yega. Kana zvisina kudaro, pane zvinopesana, vanoratidzwa nemitambo yakasiyana, zvichienderana nehunhu hwavo. Iko imwe yeakanyanya kukosha mamiriro ezvinhu epfuma nekuti zvinoenderana nechinhu ichi kuti ive nechido chakakura kana chidiki.
Mari yekubhadhara
Kana chimwe chinhu chinotsanangura real estate kuwanda kuri nekuti iwe unogona kuita mari kubva ma50 euros chete. Yakagadziriswa, saka, kune ese hupfumi hwepamusha uye semusiyano mukuru zvine chekuita nezve zvakajairika zvigadzirwa zvemari. Semhedzisiro yemupiro uyu, haufanire kuita nhamburiko huru yemari yekudyara muzvirongwa izvi. Pane kupokana, ine muganho wepamusoro wausingakwanise kudarika chero nguva. Dzakakomberedza 10.000 euros yega yega chirongwa chakapihwa iwe. Zvichida ndeimwe yematambudziko akakura iwe aunofanirwa kubvuma iwo mamiriro: nemari shoma kwazvo mune chero kesi.
Paunenge uri kune rimwe divi, iwe unogona kusarudza pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzemapurojekiti edzimba. Zvese zviri mune izvo zvinoreva kuwanikwa kwekutenga zvivakwa, pamwe neyakajairwa modality. Zvichienderana nezvamunoda mune ino yakakosha chikamu cheSpanish hupfumi. Chero zvazvingaitika, zvipo zvako zvemari zvinofanirwa kubva kuakaundi account yako. Zvakare nekudzoserwa kwauchazogamuchira pakupera kwematemu. Kune rimwe divi, ivo vanozotemerwa usati wasaina mashandiro pamwe nepuratifomu yekubatira.
Ngozi dzekushanda
Chimwe chinhu chaunofanira kufunga nezvacho kubva zvino zvichienda mberi ndechekuti mashandiro aya haana njodzi. Mupfungwa iyi, mumwe wevanopomerwa mhosva ndeyekuti hapana hapana chishuwo chakatarwa hazvigone kana kuvimbiswa kubva pakutanga. Zvakapesana neizvi, aya mabasa ekutengesa anoitwa nemitemo yemusika. Nekusimba kwakasimba kwazvo mune zvido zvaunogona kukupa uye zvinoenderana nenguva yaunoita oparesheni. Iko mukana unozove iwo akanakisa nhau ekudzivirira zvaunofarira, nekuti mutsauko unogona kuve unopfuura makumi maviri muzana. Naizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kusarudza yakanyanya kukodzera mamiriro kuti uite zviri pamutemo iyi kudyara.