Iri izwi rinokwira mumisika yemari nekuti akawanda mapotifoti ekudyara ari kutarisa hunhu uhu kuti aite marongero avo mumisika. Asi isu tinoziva chaizvo chii chiri kumashure kweshoko kukosha? Zvakanaka, iyo kukoshesa kuisa mari, kana kuisa mari mukukosha, chiitiko chekudyara chinogara chichigadzira kudzoka kwakanaka pamusoro penguva refu. Izvo zvinonzi kuchengetedzwa kwakakosha kana kuchinge pazasi pezvavanogona uye ichi chinhu chinoitika pamwe nekumwe kuwanda mumakambani akanyorwa pamusika weSpain equity.
Imwe yehunhu hwekutanga hunokoshesa kudyara mari unopa, kana kudyara mukukosha, ndiko kugona kwayo kukuru kwekuongorora. Iyo iri kumusoro zvakanyanya kune zvimwe zvirevo zvekudyara. Kusvika padanho rekuti pazviitiko zvakawanda zvavanosvika kotora nezvideredzwa pamusoro pe20% kana kunyangwe nemakwiriro epakati epakati. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvakakosha kuve chinonakidza kune vashoma nepakati varimi. Ndokureva, iwo anobatsira kwazvo kubhejera uye kunyangwe zvingave zvisina kudaro munguva pfupi, zvese zvinoratidza kuti ivo vachasvika pamitengo yavo chaiyo mune yepakati uye kunyanya kwenguva refu.
Kune rimwe divi, kukoshesa kuisa mari, kana kudyara mukukosha, inzira ine hunyanzvi yekusvika pakuisa mari mumusika wemasheya. Kubva pazano razvino uno rakaiswa mumawadhi ekudyara mazhinji senzira yekuumba kukosha mumisika yemari. Kubva nemaonero aya, hapana mubvunzo kuti mutengo wemugove, munguva yakareba, unozotaridza kukosha kwechokwadi kwekambani. Iyi nzira ye kusangana pakati pemutengo uye kukosha Ndiyo inoburitsa purofiti iyo yatinotarisira kuti inogona kupihwa zvine chinangwa uye zvine mwero nzira.
Kukosha kwekukosha: zvakwakanakira
Imwe yemabhenefiti ekusarudza iyi yakasarudzika nzira yekudyara ndeyekuti mukupedzisira purofiti yatinogona kuwana inogona kuve yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura kana tikasarudza imwe nzira yesarudzo. Hazvishamise kuti kuchengetedzeka uko kwechimwe chikonzero kana chimwe chakanyorwa pazasi pemutengo wako. Iyo yekubatana maitiro ekuti chero nguva inogona kugadziriswa uye kuratidza kumusoro chiitiko icho chinokwanisa kukwirisa nzvimbo dzakakwirira kana nhanho zvakanyanya kwazvo kupfuura kusvika zvino. Chero zvazvingaitika, izvo zvinoita sekunge zvakajeka ndezvekuti ivo vashoma kutungamira mukukudziridza yakasimba downtrends.
Imwe yemakiyi ekuzivikanwa kwayo kwayo ndeyekuti muzvinashawo ane kudzidza kwakanyanya mukutengesa pamusika wemasheya anofanira kusiyanisa pakati pezvakasiyana mukukosha chaiko kwekambani uye zviri nyore kuchinja kwemutengo wayo. Nekuti ivo zvinhu zvakasiyana izvo zvinogona pane imwe nguva kukanganisa kukanganisa kwemitengo yavo. Kusvika padanho rekuti panogona kuve nemisiyano pakati peimwe kana imwe yemhando yemupiro ye20%, 30% kana 50%, zvichienderana nenyaya yacho. Naizvozvo, iri nzira yakangwara kwazvo yekusimudzira mari mumisika yemari. Zvese zviri zviviri nyika nekunze kwemiganhu yedu uye izvo zvinogona kukubatsira kufambisa mashandiro ako mune izvi zvemari zvinhu.
Mirira kukoshesa kwemutengo
Imwe mhedzisiro yekudyara mune ino yakasarudzika kirasi yekuchengetedzeka ndeyekuti mudiki uye wepakati-saizi investor ane yakareba-kwenguva refu joni anogona kubatsirwa nekudyara mune kukosha. Sei? Zvakanaka, nenzira yakapusa uye inoshanda sezvazviri nekusarudza makambani akanaka, kuvawana nemutengo wakanaka uye pamusoro pezvose nekushingairira kumirira kuti mutengo ushanduke pamwe nehunhu hwekambani. Kushivirira ndicho chombo chakakosha icho zano rehunhu hunofanira kugadzirwa. Chinokosha ndechekutarisa emhando yemasheya ari kutengeswa pazasi pemutengo wavo wechokwadi. Uye ichi chinhu chinoitika pamwe nekumwe kuwanda pakati pehunhu hwenzvimbo dzenyika dzakaringana.
Nepo kune rumwe rutivi, kukoshesa kuisa mari, kana kudyara mukukosha, kashoma inogadzira mafungidziro ekufambisa kwesimba guru uye kunyanya mukati menguva refu kwazvo yenguva. Tichava nekuchengetedzeka kwepamusoro uko nekukurumidza kana kuti gare gare mutengo wakaringana unozowanikwa semubairo wekugara kwedu mukukosha kwemusika wemasheya. Kune rimwe divi, hazvifanire kukanganikwa kuti kuchengetedzeka uku, kazhinji, ndekwehomwe yepamusoro uye kuti vanofambisa mazita mazhinji muzvikamu zvese zvekutengesa. Nekukwirira kwemvura uye izvo zvinotibvumidza kuti tizvipinze uye tibudise ivo pasina chaiwo matambudziko.
Yakabatanidzwa mune mari yekudyara
Chimwe chinhu chinofanirwa kuongororwa kubva kune izvi ndechekuti kukosha kwekudyara, kana kudyara mukukosha, chikamu chemapotifoti mazhinji mumari yekudyara. Ndiyo mari inozivikanwa sekukosha kana kukosha, ichiva imwe nzira inoshanda kwazvo yekuita kuti mari ichengetwe kuburikidza neichi chigadzirwa chemari. Iko, iyo wallets zvine simba, iine yakachengeteka micheto, chengetedza varimi mukukosha zvese kubva mukushomeka kwemisika uye kubva pazvikanganiso zvekudyara. Zvese izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kubva kumari yekudyara iyo inoda kutenga nekutengesa masheya pamusika wekutengesa wega.
Kune rimwe divi, kuburikidza nemari yekudyara yeaya maficha, kusiyanisa kukuru kwekudyara kunogona kuwanikwa. Kubudikidza nezano kubva kumatunhu akasiyana, danho remari uye kunyangwe maitiro ekugadzirisa bhizinesi rako mutsara. Inoshanda kwazvo kudzora zviitiko zve kuwedzera kusagadzikana mumisika yemari. Mupfungwa iyi, mari yekudyara yakawedzera uye ine kukosha kwekudyara, kana kudyara mukukosha, sosi yavo yekureva kuvandudza yavo portfolio yekudyara. Kuburikidza nemaitiro ekudyara ayo anonyanya kugaya nzira dzakajairika mumisika yemari.
Saka, saka, imwe nzira inogona kubatsira zvikuru kudzivirira zvatinofarira mumisika yemari. Nevateveri vazhinji vari kuoneka mumwedzi ichangopfuura nekuda kwekusahadzika kunovapo kuita kuti yavo inowanikwa mari ibatsire. Kusvika padanho iro kukosha kwekudyara, kana kudyara mukukosha kunogona kuve a mhinduro kumatambudziko edu kubva zvino zvichienda mberi. Nesarudzo dzisingaperi dzinosangana neese aya maitiro atakataura muchinyorwa chino. Ine chinangwa chakajeka: kuita mari pamusika wemasheya uye zvakanyanya kufadza. Mupfungwa iyi, kune akawandisa mari yekudyara iyo ine kukosha kwekudyara, kana kudyara mukukosha
Muenzaniso wakajeka wekukosha: Santander
Muhafu yekutanga yegore, chikamu chekufarira chaive 17.636 mamirioni euros, 4% kupfuura panguva imwechete yegore rapfuura, nepo chikwereti nemari yevatengi yakakura 4% uye 6%, zvichiteerana, muma euro anogara aripo (ndiko kuti, kusanganisa zvinoitika pamitengo yekutsinhana). Muchikamu chechipiri, bhangi rakawedzera huwandu hwevatengi nemiriyoni imwe, Santander parizvino iri kushumira mamiriyoni gumi nemana nemakumi mana, kupfuura chero rimwe bhanga muEurope neAmerica.
Nepo kune rimwe divi, ese masevhisi edhijitari akaunganidzwa muchikamu chitsva cheSantander Global Platform kufambisa zano. Iyo kugamuchirwa kwedhijitari yakaramba ichikura musemester uye kune vatove mamirioni 34,8 vatengi vanoshandisa masevhisi eSantander. Paavhareji, vatengi ve240 vanowana imwe yemabhangi mbozhanhare kana epuratifomu mapuratifomu sekondi yega yega, inomiririra kuwedzera kwe28% mumwedzi gumi nembiri yapfuura. Iko kiredhiti kodhi yakaramba ichivandudzika, pamwe nekuderedzwa kwehunhu hwehuwandu hwe12 hwaro poindi mukota, kusvika pa11%, nepo mutengo wechikwereti wakaramba wakadzikama pa3,51%.
Nemitengo mitsva yekugadzirisa
Kune rimwe divi, mhedzisiro yebhizinesi yeboka rezvemari inoratidza kuti iyo CET1 capital ratio ikozvino iri pa11,30%, 50 hwaro hunongedzera rinopfuura gore rapfuura, uye Santander inoramba iri rimwe remabhangi ane pundutso uye anoshanda pasirese pakati pevezera rayo, nekudzoka kune yakajairika capital inobatika (RoTE) ye11,7%, uye chiyero chekushanda kwe47,4% . Kutevera kubhadharisa mambure emamiriyoni e108 akaziviswa mukota yekutanga, bhanga rakabheja mari itsva ye706 mamirioni mukota yechipiri, kunyanya pamitengo yekugadzirisa yekuSpain neUnited Kingdom (626 mamirioni euros), uye zvimwe zvekubhadhara inishuwarenzi yekudzivirira (PPI) muUnited Kingdom (€ mamirioni makumi masere).
Chero zvazvingaitika, idzi mhosva dzakakonzera kudonha kunowanikwa mubereko mukota yechipiri ye18% gore-ne-gore, kusvika pamamiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemashanu emadhora. Kunze kwemhosva idzi, yechipiri kota purofiti yakajairika yaive 2.097 mamirioni euros, 5% kupfuura chikamu chimwe chete chegore rakapfuura: iyo yepamusoro pegore rega purofiti kubva 2011, inotungamirwa nekusimba kwakasimba kwechikwereti muLatin America, kusimudzira kwakaramba kuchiita purofiti muNorth America se pamwe nemitengo yakadzikiswa muEurope.