Nekuda kwekusaziva, vanhu vazhinji vanobvunda kungonzwa kana kuona izwi rekuti "mitero." Zvakajairika kubhadhara mutero kweanenge zvese zvinhu: chikafu, pekugara, zororo, chekufambisa, nezvimwe. Saka hazvishamise kuti isu tinofanirwa kubhadhara kana tichigara nhaka chimwe chinhu. Uyu mutero unonzi mutero wenhaka.
Muchikamu chino isu tichatsanangura kuti rudzii urwu rwemutero, maverengero aro uye ndiani anofanira kuribhadhara. Saka kana iwe uchida kuziva pamberi pekuti marii yaunofanira kubhadhara kana uchingoda kuziva zvakawanda nezvenyaya iyi, ndinokurudzira kuti urambe uchiverenga.
Ndeupi mutero unobhadharwa kunhaka?
Kana hama yedu ikafa uye / kana isu tikabuda muchido chemumwe munhu, kana nguva yake yasvika tinotora nhaka yake yese kana chikamu chenyika, izvo zvinopedzisira zvave chikamu chedu. Uku kutsvaga kutsva hakusi kwemutero. Patinoigamuchira, tinofanirwa kubhadhara mutero wenhaka. Izvi zvinoitikawo pazvipo zvezvipo: Kana tichigamuchira nhaka kana chipo, tinofanira kubhadhara mutero. Ivo vane maneja wekutarisa iyi mhando yemutero ndivo Autonomous Communities. Naizvozvo, kugashira nhaka muAndalusia, Asturias kana Madrid ine mhedzisiro yehupfumi kune avo vanowana kana vagari venhaka.
Kana iri Inhaka uye Mutero Wezvipo, iwo mutero wakananga. Mune mamwe mazwi: Iyo inoiswa pamari yehupfumi uye zvinhu zvevanhu. Chii chimwe, inofambira mberi mune zvakasikwa, zvinoreva kuti mutero unowedzera sezvo hwaro hwemitero hunowedzera.
Mutero wenhaka unoverengwa sei?
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mutero wenhaka panyaya yenhaka unofanira kubhadharwa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu kubva pazuva rakafa mushakabvu. Kuti uverenge kugadziriswa kwemutero uyu, kuverenga kwakawanda kunodiwa. Ngatione ivo nhanho nhanho:
Zvinhu zvemumba (zvivakwa) + Asset uye kodzero = Gross estate
Gross estate - (Mhosva + Zvikwereti + Deductible mari) = Net estate
Nhaka yeNet / Nhamba yevagari venhaka maererano nemirau kana kuda = Yenhaka yenhaka chikamu
Mumwe nemumwe nhaka chikamu + Hupenyu inishuwarenzi (kana iripo) = Inobhadharwa mari
Mutero wemutero - Kuderedzwa = Mutero wechibharo
Mutero unobhadharwa + Percentage kana mutero rate = Mari yakazara
Quota yakazara + Yakawandisa coefficient = Mutero wemitero
Mutero wemitero + Mabhonasi uye zvakabviswa = Kugara kana yakakwana kubhadharwa
Aya maverengero anoita kunge akaomesesa pakutanga kuona. Kuita kuti zvinhu zvive nyore kwauri, isu ticha tsanangura izvo zvavari uye maitiro ekuziva mamwe eaya mazano. Zvisinei, ramba uchifunga izvozvo mazhinji eaya maitiro anoenderana neAustonomous Nharaunda matiri, sezvo vari ivo vanogadzirisa Nhaka uye Zvipo Mutero.
Mutero unobvisirwa, kudzikiswa, huwandu hwakazara, zvikamu, mutero uye mutero unowanda
Nekuti midziyo yedu inowedzerwa mushure mekugamuchira nhaka, tinofanirwa kubhadhara. Neichi chikonzero isu tinofanirwa kutanga taverenga base tax. Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nemutengo wekukosha weiyo pfuma uye kodzero dzinoumba gross estate. Kuderedzwa zvichienderana neAutonomous Community kunogona kubviswa pairi. Izvi zvinoderedzwa zvinogona kuve nemhando yezvinhu, kuremara kana hukama, pakati pevamwe, uye zvinopa chinobhadharwa.
Kana tangova nechaibhadharisa, inguva yekuisa iyo inotyisa kukosha: Iyo yemitero muzana. Kufanana nekuderedzwa, iyi muzana zvakare inoenderana neAutonomous Community. Nekudaro, pane mutemo wenyika unosimudza mwero uri pakati pe7,65% uye 34%, zvichienderana neyakaenzana mutero. Pamwechete, iyo yepamusoro kukosha kwenhaka, ndipo paunofanira kubhadhara zvakanyanya. Pangosvika iyo inowirirana nhaka yemutero muzana yashandiswa, iyo yakazara mari inowanikwa.
Kuti uwane huwandu hwemitero, idzi kuverenga hakuna kukwana. Iyo yakawanda yekuwedzera coefficients inofanirawo kuwedzerwa kune yakazara mari. Izvi zvinosiyana maringe nerudzi rwaivepo kare rwemudyi wenhaka uye nehukama hwehukama hunenge huri mushakabvu uye mugari wenhaka. Kuwedzera iwo maviri isu tinowana iyo yakawanda yekuwedzera. Iko kune akazara emana mapoka ehukama:
- I: Yakagamuchirwa uye vana pasi pemakore makumi maviri nerimwe ekuberekwa.
- II: Yakagamuchirwa uye zvizvarwa zvemakore makumi maviri nerimwe kana kupfuura, vanokwira, vanogamuchira uye vakaroora.
- III: Chechipiri degree collater (hama) uye chechitatu degree (babamunini, vazukuru), uye vanokwira uye vazukuru nehukama.
- IV: Yechina degree collaterals (babamunini), mamwe ari kure uye asinganzwisisike madhigirii.
Mabhonasi, kuderedzwa uye yakazara kubhadhara
Chekupedzisira, iwe unofanirwa kuisa ese ari maviri mabhonasi uye zvakabviswa pamutero wequota. Zvekare vanovimba neVanhu Vakazvimiririra. Mune Nharaunda yeMadrid, semuenzaniso, mutengo uri 99% mumubhadharo wevanokwira, murume kana mukadzi uye vazukuru. Neichi chikonzero, nhaka muMadrid dzinonyanya kubatsira.
Ndiani anofanirwa kubhadhara mutero wenhaka?
Mukutaura, munhu anogara achifanira kubhadhara mitero yenhaka ndiye iyo inogamuchira patrimony. Naizvozvo, chinhu chakadai.
- Kutsiviwa: Vakatsiva, ndiko kuti, vateveri, vadyi venhaka, nezvimwe. bhadhara mutero.
- Mipiro: Iyo donee, ndiko kuti, munhu anogamuchira mupiro, anobhadhara mutero.
- Hupenyu inshuwarisi: Munhu anobatsira anobhadhara mutero.
Kana ari munhu wepamutemo anobatsirwa nenhaka, nokudaro achiwedzera zvinhu zvake, hazvibhadhariswe mutero wenhaka, kana zvisiri zvemutero wekambani. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti vanhu vepamutemo iboka revanhu venyama vanopindura kune vechitatu mapato nenhumbi dzavo, kwete nenhengo dzemitezo yavo.
Nezve iyo yekubhadhara nguva, inosiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Kana iri nhaka, vanomutevera vane huwandu hwemwedzi mitanhatu kubva pazuva rekufa kwemunhu. Kune rimwe divi, kana zvasvika pamipiro, iyo yekupedzisira nguva yekuendesa ndeye 30 mazuva ebhizinesi kubva pazuva rakapihwa mupiro.
Zvino isu tinongofanirwa kuongorora kuti ndeapi mirau ari munharaunda yedu Autonomous Nharaunda kuti tikwanise kuverenga kuti yakawanda sei yatichazofanira kubhadhara kunhaka yedu. Kana isu tine rombo rakanaka isu tichigara mune imwe umo isu tinongofanirwa kubhadhara mari yekufananidzira, uye kana isu tisina rombo rakanaka tinofanirwa kuburitsa yakawandisa mari.