La mudyandigere wechirikadzi, pamwe nekurega basa, ndiyo inobhadhara zvakanyanya kuSpain. Asi havazi vazhinji vanoziva ruzivo rweiyi bhenefiti yekubatsira. Semuenzaniso, iwe unoziva here kuti mufi iye pachake anofanirwa kuita zvakateedzana zvezvinodiwa kuti azvigamuchire? Kana kuti kana iwe uchigashira mari inopfuura yakati mwero wemari, zvinokuremekedza kuti utore mudyandigere wechirikadzi?
Kana isu takaburitsa kuda kwako uye iwe uchida kujekesa iwo mazano nezve ichi chimiro, pazasi tinokupa iwe ruzivo rwese iwe rwaunofanira kufunga nezvazvo.
Ndeipi penji yechirikadzi
Penjeni yechirikadzi inonzwisiswa semubatsiro unogamuchirwa nevapukunyuka vane hukama hwewanano kana hwepamutemo nemufi, chero bedzi ivo vaviri vachizadzisa zvakateedzana zvezvinodiwa.
Mune mamwe mazwi, mudyandigere wechirikadzi i mari yaunotambira pamwedzi kana vaviri ava vashaya. Asi, seizvo Chengetedzo pachayo yatonyevera, akateedzana mamiriro anofanira kusangana kuitira kuti ubatsirwe nazvo.
Ndiani ane mvumo yekuwana mudyandigere
Sezvatakambotaura kare, kune akati wandei vanhu vanogona kunge vari vanobatsirwa penjeni yechirikadzi. Izvi ndizvo:
- Wokuroorana naye. Ndokunge, iye munhu achiri mupenyu achienzaniswa neiye akafa uye waakange ave nehukama naye, kunyangwe aive akajairika mutemo kana muchato wepamutemo.
- Mudzimba shamwari. Nezve pamusoro zvatsanangurwa.
- Vakarambana kana kuparadzana.
- Vanhu vane muchato usina maturo (kunyangwe uchimisa basa, unogona kugamuchira pension yechirikadzi).
Nekudaro, vese zvavo vanofanirwa kuzadzisa zvakateedzana zvezvinodiwa, semuchiitiko chemufi iye pachake.
Zvinodiwa zvinofanirwa kusangana nemushakabvu
Ngatitangei nemufi. Kuti mumwe akasara agamuchire penjeni yechirikadzi, vanofanirwa vakataura mazuva mazana mashanu mumakore mashanu apfuura, Chero bedzi rufu rwakaitika nekuda kwechirwere chakajairika (kana chiri nekuda kwenjodzi kana chirwere chebasa, izvi zvinodiwa hazvikumbirwi). Muchiitiko chekusave wakanyoreswa neSocial Security, mudyandigere unozofunga kuti vanozopa makore gumi nemashanu.
Zvimwechetezvo, ichapihwawo kana anga aine pension yekubvisa pamudyandigere kana kuremara zvachose, mugove wekuremara kwenguva pfupi, kubereka, kubereka, kana njodzi panguva yepamuviri kana lactation.
Zvinotarisirwa kuti muponesi anofanirwa kusangana nazvo kuti agamuchire pension yechirikadzi
Panyaya yemupona, zvinotevera zvinodiwa kuti ugamuchire mudyandigere wechirikadzi:
Itai vana zvakafanana kana, kana pasina, kuti roorano yanga yatora rinenge gore rimwe chete. Inogona zvakare kuve nyaya yekuva nemari yepenjeni kune vanhu vakaparadzaniswa kana vakarambana kana vasina muchato mutsva kana murume wavanowirirana naye.
Pane zviitiko zviviri zvakasarudzika:
- Vakaparadzaniswa uye vakarambana. Kana izvi zvisati zvaitika gore ra2008, chinodikanwa chemudyandigere chinobviswa chinobviswa (zvakafanana zvinoitika kana vakamborwiswa nemhirizhonga pakati pevakadzi).
- Vakaroora muchokwadi. Inokumbirwa kuti mubatanidzwa uve wemakore angangoita maviri, nekugara pamwe chete kweanosvika mashanu, uye kuti iyo mari yaunowana haina kukwirira kupfuura iyo yemufi, uye haimiriri 25% yehuwandu hwemhuri kana paine hapana vana.
Chekupedzisira, isu tine nyaya yemichato yakanzi haina basa. Chero bedzi mumwe wacho asina kuzoroora kana kuroorwazve, unogona kugamuchira pension yechirikadzi iyo inotarirwa pahwaro hwenguva yawanga uinaye nemunhu iyeye.
Imarii inobhadharirwa kufirwa
Zvinoenderana neSocial Security, pension yechirikadzi yakaenzana ne52% yeanodzora yeavo vakafa, 60% mune vanhu vanopfuura makumi matanhatu nemashanu ma euro vasina mvumo yekupiwa imwe penjeni kana basa, kungave neakaunzi akashanda kana kuzvishandira. Ehezve, ivo vanofanirwa kutevedzera kuti iyo mari kubva kune inofambiswa uye real estate capital pamwe nemari yavo yavanowana haipfuure 65 euros pagore.
Pane zvimwe zviitiko apo 70% yepenjeni yechirikadzi inogona kusvika, kana munhu anoramba ari mupenyu aine vanhu vaanovimba navo mumhuri kana kuti paari iye ega tsime remari.
Kune rimwe divi, mune nyaya yevakarambana kana kupatsanurwa vanhu, uko kune vanoverengeka vanobatsirwa, pachave paine huwandu hwakaenzana zvichienderana nemararamiro avakaita nemufi iyeye, achigara achivimbisa 40% yeanodzora base.
Muchidimbu, iyo mari yekuva chirikadzi (inoganhurirwa nemutemo (Royal Decree 46/2021, ya Ndira 26)), inotiudza kuti:
- Pasi pemakumi matanhatu: 60 euros pamwedzi uye 522,50 euros pagore.
- Vanhu vari pakati pemakumi matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu emakore ekuberekwa: 60 euros pamwedzi uye 64 euros pagore.
- Vanhu vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa kana kupfuura kana kuremara kweinosvika 65%: 65 euros pamwedzi uye 689,70 euros pagore.
- Vanhu vane vanovimba: € 797,91 pamwedzi uye huwandu hwe € 17.460,37 pagore.
Marii inotorwa nechirikadzi kubva mupenjeni yemurume wayo
Kubva pane zvatakaona, zviri pachena kuti chirikadzi ichagamuchira kubva Penjeni yechirikadzi yekurasikirwa nemurume wake 52% kazhinji. Nekudaro, iyi muzana inogona kuwedzerwa kusvika ku70% kana ikasangana nezvinodiwa zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuiwedzera.
Mune mamwe mazwi, kana iwe uine vanovimba nemhuri, penjeni yechirikadzi ndiyo yega sosi yemari uye mari yegore rose haipfuure € 17.460,37. Muchiitiko ichocho, iyo bhenefiti ichawedzerwa kusvika 70% yacho.
Ini ndinogona kutora pension yechirikadzi uye imwe pension? Kana kushanda?
Mubvunzo wevazhinji ndewekuti mudyandigere wepenjeni unoitisa here kuwana imwe mhando yemubatsiro wemari. Asi chaizvo hazvisi izvo. Iyo mudyandigere unoenderana zvizere nemari yaunowanandiko kuti, nekuve nebasa raunogamuchira muhoro pakupera kwemwedzi; ndozvazviriwo nepenjeni yemudyandigere pamwe nehurema husingaperi.
Nekudaro, mune chiitiko chemuchato wechipiri, kuchengetedza penjeni yechirikadzi zvinoita kuti zvikone kuwana imwe pension yakaenzana nekuda kwekufa kwenhengo mumuchato mutsva.
Sezvauri kuona, mudyandigere wechirikadzi une mamwe mapoinzi akakosha anogona kunge ari iwo anoita kuti huwandu hwacho huve hwakasiyana, kana kuti hunotambirwa here kana kuti kwete. Chaizvoizvo, kana iwe uine kusahadzika, kuve nekubvunzana neSocial Security kunogona kujekesa zvinhu sezvo uchikwanisa kupa iyo chaiyo nyaya kuitira kuti vakupe mhinduro.