Mapoka ekupa anobuda seimwe yeanosarudza maparamita ekuona nhanho yemupiro muSocial Security. Kunyanya kuvashandi nekuti ndiyo hwaro hunotangwa kugadzirisa iyo mipiro yakawanda uye shoma muGeneral Scheme yeVashandi. Ichi chikamu cheruzivo icho, chekupedzisira, chinozoratidza kuti mubairo wemushandi chii. Haina kugadziriswa asi, pane zvinopesana, inotenderera zvichienderana nehuwandu hwevashandi vanobatanidzwa. Nemisiyano yakakwirira kwazvo pakati peyepamusoro uye yakaderera.
Imwe yemashandisirwo ayo ndeye kuverenga penjeni kana nguva yechokwadi yekurega basa yasvika, umo shanduko iyi ichaverengerwa kuziva kuti ndeipi mari ichagamuchirwa pamakore makumi matanhatu nemanomwe. Nguva iyo kubva mugore ra67 makore makumi matanhatu nemanomwe kuenda pamudyandigere inotangwa. Zvichienderana nezviitiko zvakawanda (makore akashanda, huwandu hwemubairo, nezvimwewo). Asiwo emapoka emupiro ayo vanozogara mudyandigere vanga vari mukati mehupenyu hwavo hwekushanda.
Chinhu chakanyanya kukosha chinofanirwa kujekeswa inyaya yekuti mapoka ekupa generic anoreva zvikamu zvehunyanzvi izvo mushandi ari maererano nebasa ravo uye. tichifunga nezvechibvumirano chemubatanidzwa chinotonga kambani. Somugumisiro weruzivo rwayo, zvichakanganisa chikamu chakanaka chemaonero ehupfumi achagamuchirwa panguva yakanaka yehupenyu. Pakati pazvo, mihoro, penjeni, mari dzekurovha uye chero rudzi rwerubatsiro rwemagariro.
Mapoka ezvipo chii?
Mukati meichi chimiro chakajairwa, chinhu chekutanga chinofanira kuongororwa ndechemapoka ezvipo aripo iye zvino kuSpain. Zvakanaka, zvichave zvakakosha kuvaziva kubva ipapo Ichatipa ruzivo rwekutanga nezvebasa racho. Ndiko kuti, muhoro unozogamuchirwa, dhigirii kana dhigirii rinodiwa uye, hongu, chimiro chekuwana basa. Iko, mune imwe neimwe nyaya ichave yakasiyana mushure mekusanganiswa kwakawanda kunogona kuitwa pane yakafumurwa data.
Chero zvazvingava, uye sezita rezita, kune mapoka anosvika gumi nerimwe ezvipo muhurongwa hwazvino hwevashandi muSpain. uye vari kuenda nei kubva kune mainjiniya uye vakapedza kudzidza kuyunivhesiti (boka repamusoro pane vose) kuvashandi vari pasi pemakore gumi nemasere (vakaderera). Pakati pematanho akawanda anomiririra vashandi vese. Pamapoka manomwe ekutanga, mimwe miganhu inotarwa mumihoro yemwedzi wega wega. Nepo pane zvinopesana, mune yekupedzisira ivo vanopfeka muviri zuva nezuva.
Mapoka ekupa ndeechii?
Uyu mubvunzo unowanzo bvunzwa nechikamu chikuru chevashandi veSpain. Mupfungwa iyi, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti utility yakavakirwa kuziva mari yekubhadhara. Kufanana nekukosha kwayo kune dzimwe nyaya dzakanyanya, dzakadai sekudzingwa uye kusununguka kwekuzvidira. Nekune rimwe divi, zvakakosha kuvashandi vanozvishandira uye kune avo vane vashandi vari pasi pavo nekuti ndivo vane basa rekubhadhara vashandi vesocial security.
Imwe pfungwa inonyanya kukosha kusimbisa ndeye iyo ine chekuita nemafungiro evasingashandi uye iyo pasina mubvunzo ichapesvedzerwa neboka remipiro iro mushandi arimo. Kunyangwe, mune dzimwe nyaya dzakanangana, kuita kusiya mabasa muvashandi vanozosarudza iyo kuderedza. Muzviitiko zvese unenge waona kuti mwero wayo wekupinda wakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura zvawaifunga kubva pakutanga. Nekuti ivo havana kuganhurirwa kuunganidzwa kwemuhoro, asi panzvimbo pezvo, zvinopesana, ivo vanowedzerwa kune mamwe mabasa akadai seayo atakakutsanangurira.
Kuziva sei boka remipiro
Zvechokwadi, basa iri, kana iwe ukaisa chimwe chinhu chinonakidza, Hazvina kunyanya kuoma kuziva. Kunyange zvazvo zvingava kuti mune chimwe chiitiko, vashandi havana pfungwa yakawanda pamusoro peboka remipiro rakarongwa muupenyu hwavo hwokushanda. Kunyange zvakadaro, zviri nyore kuzviverenga sezvo zvichizongodiwa chete kuziva nemazvo nzvimbo yebasa yevashandi vanoshanda. Nemutemo wakajairwa unofunga nezve kurongeka kwevamiriri vemagariro zvichibva pane zvavanokwanisa kuita mabasa avo.
Neiyi nzira yepasi rose hazvizove zvakanyanya kunetsa kusvika pamhedzisiro pachinhu ichi. Iwe unoda kuziva kuti iwe ungave wakagadzirirwa kupi? Kana iwe uri mainjiniya kana yunivhesiti vakapedza kudzidza iwe waizoiswa muboka 1. Nemamwe manzwi, boka rine huwandu hwepamusoro hwekupa hwaro hwevose. Kusvika padanho rekuti iwe uchafanirwa kubhadhara kupfuura mune mamwe masegment evashandi. Nepo kana, pane zvinopesana, iwe wakabatanidzwa muboka 11, iro rakabatana nevashandi vadiki, iwe uchanyudzwa pasi peiyo yakaderera mabhesi ekupa. Nematanho epakati zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hwako kana nhoroondo yebasa.
Mapoka emitengo ya2019
Mugore rino mapoka ezvipo atiri kuzofumura pazasi ari kushanda uye kuti kazhinji akatambura shanduko shoma kana zvichienzaniswa nemakore apfuura. Nemapoka gumi nerimwe ezvipo muna 2019.
- Mainjiniya neVakapedza Kudzidza.Vatungamiri vepamusoro vevashandi vasina kubatanidzwa muchinyorwa 1.3.c) cheMutemo weVashandi.
- Tekinoroji Injiniya, Nyanzvi uye Vakapedza Kudzidza Vabatsiri.
- Administrative uye Workshop Mamaneja.
- Vabatsiri vasina kukodzera.
- Mahofisi ekutonga.
- Subaltern.
- Administrative Assistants.
- Kutanga uye wechipiri maofficial.
- Yechitatu Kirasi Maofficial uye Nyanzvi.
- Pawns.
- Vashandi vari pasi pemakore gumi nemasere ezera, zvisinei neboka ravo rehunyanzvi.
Ndiani mabhesi emupiro mashoma anochengetwa pakati pe1.455 ne35 euros pamwedzi zvichienderana nemapoka. Nepo, pane zvinopesana, iyo maximums inosanganisirwa mumabhendi anobva ku4.070 kusvika ku135 euros pamwedzi. Sechitsva maererano nemakore apfuura, zviri pachena kuti shamwari nevatsvakurudzi, inosanganisirwa mumunda wekushandiswa kweRoyal Decree 63/2006, yaNdira 27, iyo inobvumidza Statute yevashandi vekutsvagisa mukudzidziswa, mukati memakore maviri ekutanga ichaitwa pachishandiswa mitemo inoenderana nemupiro muzvibvumirano zvekudzidziswa. , maererano nemupiro wezviitiko zvinowanzoitika uye zveunyanzvi
Mapoka ekubatsira vanozvishandira
Iri iboka rakakosha nekuda kwehunhu hwakakosha hwevashandi vanozvishandira. Kwaunofanirwa kucherechedza kuti kana uri munhu anozvishandira haufanirwe kuziva chikamu ichi nekuti unotofanira quote maererano neRETA (Special Regime yeVanozvishandira kana Vanozvishandira). Kunze kwekuti iwe une angangoita mushandi mumwechete kuaccount yako uye mune iyo mamiriro iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera zvakajairwa zvezvikamu zvakapfuura.
Chero zvazvingava, kupa rubatsiro kune Special Scheme yeVanozvishandira kana Vanozvishanda Vanoshanda hapana kuchinjika kwakawanda senge muchirongwa chemupiro chevashandi vanoshanda. Kusiyana neizvi, ivo vanozorerutswa kupfuura avo uye saka hauzove nematambudziko akawanda kunyoresa kana kubhadhara yako Social Security mupiro.
Muzviitiko izvi, zvipo zvegore rino zvichave zvinotevera:
- Minimum base: 944,40 euros.
- Maximum Base: 4.070 euros.
Nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwe30%. Kunyangwe muchiitiko chekusabatsira nekuda kwekumira kwekuita uye kudzidziswa, chiyero chinoshanda i29,2%.
Chero zvazvingave, chimwe chezvitsva zvakapihwa gore rino kune vanozvishandira ndechekuti vachakwanisa kuita shanduko ina gore rega rega muchikamu chemipiro. Apo pazvinenge zvakakodzera kuchengeta mupfungwa zvirevo zvakafanana kudzivisa kukanganisa mukutonga kwechido ichi. Iwe unoda kuziva kuti ndedzipi dziripo panguva ino?
Mazuva mana ekushandurwa kwemitengo: shanduko dzinogoneka dzepagore mubhesi yemupiro inowedzerwa kubva pamaviri kusvika mana.
- Kunyorera kubva Kubvumbi 1 kune zvikumbiro zvakaitwa pakati paNdira 1 naKurume 31.
- Kubva munaChikunguru 1 kune zvikumbiro zvakaitwa pakati paApril 1 naJune 30.
- Kubva munaGumiguru 1 kune zvikumbiro zvakaitwa pakati paChikunguru 1 naGunyana 30.
- Kubva muna Ndira 1 wegore rinotevera rezvikumbiro zvakaitwa pakati paGumiguru 1 naZvita 31.
Nekuda kwekusiyana uku, iyo yekuzvishandira quota ichabhadharwa muna 2019, kune iyo yakaderera base, kusanganisira kuremara kwenguva pfupi, kumisa basa uye kuenderera mberi kudzidziswa i30% ye944,35 euros, zvinoreva kuti 283,30 euros yevanozvishandira. quota muna 2019. Uye izvo zvingawedzera ne 0,7% kana vachida kuzvidzivirira kubva pakumira kwebasa. Ndiko kuti kushaya mabasa kwevanozvishandira uye iyo ine nguva yakareba yemakore maviri.
Muchidimbu
Mapoka ekupa anoumba chimwe chezvipimo zvikuru zvinotangwa nedanho rekambani kuSocial Security. Vanocherechedzwa, pakati pezvimwe zvikonzero, kuti vaone bhonasi mune mamwe mamiriro ayo vashandi vanogona kupfuura, senge. pavanenge vasunungurwa.
Kana aya mazinga achiratidzwa nechimwe chinhu, imhaka yekuti haana nguva dzose akafanana, asi pane kudaro, zvinopesana, zvinoenderana nekuti mipiro yakaitwa sei kuNational Social Security System.
Iyi inzira yagara ichishandiswa mumakumi emakore achangopfuura kugadzira iyo siyana nyanzvi mapoka iyo inogona kusimbiswa muhurongwa hwebasa huripo.
Nekuda kwehunhu uhu, mapoka ezvipo ndiwo anozopedzisira agadza mabhesi echinangwa ayo iwo epamusoro uye mashoma mipiro anogadziriswa muGeneral Scheme yeVashandi. Naizvozvo, ndiyo data icharatidza mubairo wemushandi uye kuti inosiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune imwe nhanho kuenda kune imwe.
Kana zvinorehwa nemazinga ezvipo aya zvanzwisiswa nevashandi, inguva yekuratidza zvavari. Chokutanga pane zvose, kune chimwe chinhu chakakosha sezvachiri nhete muhoro caps yevashandi vanoshanda. Mupfungwa yekuti miganhu yakaiswa pane imwe neimwe yeaya mazinga inogona kusapfuurwa. Pasina mamiriro ezvinhu, kutsauka uku kunogona kuitwa.
Ukuwo, mapoka aya ndiwo achasarudza maitiro ebasa rimwe nerimwe: muhoro wekugamuchira, qualification kana dhigirii inodiwa uye chokwadi chimiro chinodiwa kuita basa. Naizvozvo, zvinokwanisika kuona kukosha kunowanikwa kukosha uku, kune vadiki uye vepakati mabhizinesi uye kune mushandi pachake.
Chimwe chezvainonyanya kukosha ndechekuti ruzivo rwayo rwakakosha kuverengera muripo mumatare ekudzingwa. Kusvika padanho rekuti mari yacho haizofanane kubva kune rimwe boka kuenda kune rimwe. Kune rimwe divi, ivo vanokanganisawo mamiriro ezvinhu umo a zororo rekuzvidira sezvo pavachapinda zvakare vanozongokwanisa kunyorera chinzvimbo chebasa muchikamu chimwe chete chehunyanzvi, kana pachinge pasara chinhambwe panguva iyoyo chaiyo.
Zvakadaro here akakamurwa kuita mapoka akati wandei kubva pachikamu chepamusoro-soro (vakapedza kudzidza kana vakapedza kudzidza) kusvika kune yakaderera inoenderana nevadiki kana vashoma vasina hunyanzvi vashandi (vabatsiri, vashandi kana maofficial). Zvichienderana nezvikero izvi, hwaro hwemipiro huchasiyana uye zvichienderana nedanho rauinaro, nenzira inofambira mberi.
Chimwe chinhu chisingatarisirwi mubasa rinoitwa pamapoka ezvipo ndeicho chinoreva maitirwo anoitwa kuzvishandira kana kuzvishandira. Zvakanaka, kupatsanurwa uku hakuvakanganisa zvachose sezvo vachifanira kupa maringe neRETA (Special Regime for Self-Employed Workers), uko misiyano iyi kubva kune rimwe basa kuenda kune rimwe isingafungidzirwe.
Chekupedzisira, zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti chiitiko chekuchinja uku mumupiro hachibatanidze chete nhanho iyo mipiro inofanira kuitwa, asi inoshandawo kuishandisa mune chaiyo nyaya dzekudzingwa, yekuzvidira kusiya uye, kusvika pamwero wakaderera, kuona huwandu hwepenjeni kune vakwegura. Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvekuzvifunga kubva zvino zvichienda mberi nevashandi uye kupfuura mamwe mafungidziro ehunyanzvi hwekuita.