Paunorasikirwa nebasa rako kana kusava nebasa, pane kubatsirwa mune zveupfumi chinangwa chavo ndechekudzivirira avo vashandi vanorasikirwa nemabasa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinowanzo kuve kupfuura kwavo kutonga, mune izvozvi isu tinotsanangudza iyo mamiriro ekuunganidza kusashanda.
Kuchengetedzeka munharaunda kunodzivirirawo avo vanhu vane kugona uye kuda kuramba vachishanda, asi avo, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinopfuura kwavo kana simba, vanorasikirwa nebasa ravo kana kutoona kuti maawa avo ekushanda akaderedzwa, saizvozvo vanopihwa kubatsirwa mune zveupfumi, izvi zvinozivikanwa zvinozivikanwa se "kushaya mabasa ", iyo inotsigira neimwe nzira, kurasikirwa kunogoneka uye kunogona kuitika kwemubhadharo wanga uchitogamuchirwa mubasa rapfuura.
Iwo makirasi ekushaikwa kwemabasa atinofarira kuziva, usati waunganidza kusashanda
Kana tikapinda makirasi ekushaya mabasa izvo zviripo, isu tichataura kune maviri marudzi ekushaya basa atinopa pazasi:
- Kusakwana kwemabasa. Zvinosanganisira mamiriro ezvinhu ekuti mushandi anorega kuita kwake basa kwechinguva kana mune zvimwe zviitiko zvine hungwaru, kuitira kuti mabasa ake aanga achigadzira asazomboitiswa naye uye mushandi anotorerwa muhoro wake kana muhoro kana mubhadharo. Aya mamiriro anogona kukonzerwa nekumiswa kweERE kana kudzingwa.
- Kusakwana kwemabasa. Izvi zvinoitika kana mushandi akaderedzwa kwenguva pfupi, maawa avo ezuva nezuva ebasa uyezve, muhoro wavo. Iyo yekuderedzwa yemubhadharo inogona kunzwisiswa seinodzikira ye10% kusvika pahuwandu hwe70%. Panyaya yekushaikwa kwemabasa nekuda kwekudzikiswa kwemaawa ekushanda.
Kodzero yekushaikwa kwemabasa inotanga rini?
Sechinodiwa kuve nekodzero yeku unganidza kushaikwa kwemabasa, unofanirwa kunge uine mipiro yekushayikwa kweanopfuura mazuva mazana matatu nemakumi matatu yakaitika mukati memakore matanhatu akatangira mamiriro ezvinhu anozivikanwa zviri pamutemo sekushaikwa kwemabasa.
Mhosva dzekushomeka kwebasa dzinowanzo kumbirwa dzinoratidzwa pazasi:
- Kamwe hukama hwebasa hwamiswa. Kana kontrakiti yasvika kumagumo kana kuti pane kudzingwa, mushandi anogumisa hukama hwake nekambani uye basa rake rinomira kupihwa, kuitira kuti arege kugamuchira mari yaaifungidzira.
- Zvekuderedzwa. Izvo zvinokwanisika kuti iyo muhoro unowanikwa hauna kufanana neiyo yaimbotambirwa, pamwe nemaawa ebasa rezuva nezuva anogona kudzikiswa, mune ino kesi iwe unogona zvakare kukumbira kubatsirwa kwekushaya basa.
- Yakagadziriswa vanorega vashandi. Ivo ndevaya vashandi kana vashandi vanoita yakatarwa uye nguva nenguva mabasa, ayo anowanzo kuve anodzokororwa pamisi yakatarwa, iri mune iyo nguva dzechigadzirwa kusaita basa, mune iyo yekushaya basa mabhenefiti anogona kukumbirwa.
Vashandi kana vashandiIvo vanofanirwa kunyorera yechikwereti chekushaya basa mukati memazuva gumi nemashanu kubva pakutanga kwemamiriro ekushaikwa kwemutemo zviri pamutemo, nekudaro vachisaina kuzvipira kuchiitiko.
Iyo nguva yekuramwa
Kushaya basa kana kusashanda nguva yekubatsirwa, zvinotanga kubva apo munhu apira kwemazuva angangoita mazana matatu nemakumi matatu, ipapo chete ndipo paachave nekodzero yekushaikwa kwemabasa mukati memakore matanhatu apfuura.
Kana tichitaura nezvenguva diki yekuve nekodzero yekushaikwa kwekushaya basa, tinonongedzera zvakananga kukodzero yekushaikwa kwebasa muchiyero chemupiro kana pamwero wayo wekupa, inowanzove mwedzi mitanhatu uye inosvika makore anopfuura maviri, mukati mechikamu che inguva pfupi yekuve nekodzero yechikwereti chekushaya basa, uyu mupiro unoyerwa kuburikidza uye zvichienderana nenguva yemupiro iri kutaurwa, hukama mune izvi hunoratidzwa pazasi:
| Huwandu hwemazuva aunokodzera kuwana kodzero yekushaikwa kwemabasa kana kubatsirwa | Nguva yekunyora, inoratidzwa mumazuva. |
| 720 | 2160 - zvichienda mberi |
| 660 | 1980 - 2159 mazuva |
| 600 | 1800 - 1979 mazuva |
| 540 | 1620 - 1799 mazuva |
| 480 | 1440 - 1619 mazuva |
| 420 | 1260 - 1439 mazuva |
| 360 | 1080 - 1259 mazuva |
| 300 | 900 - 1079 mazuva |
| 240 | 720 - 899 mazuva |
| 180 | 540 - 719 mazuva |
| 120 | 360 - 539 mazuva |
Mazuva uye nguva dzinoratidzwa pano dzinosiyana zvichienderana nenyaya chaiyo, ichishandiswa sereferenzi yenyaya yakajairika.
Isu hatisi munzira inoratidza kuti ichi chiero chakatarwa, chinongoshandiswa seyakajairwa bhenji uye fungidziro.
Kufungidzirwa mune izvi.
Iyo nguva iyo yakadomwa inongoenderana chete nechikamu chenguva, nenzira imwecheteyo sekushanda nezuva rakadzikiswa rebasa rezuva nezuva iro richaverengerwa sezuva rimwe chete rataurwa, izvi zvichave zvakazvimiririra zvachose nezuva rebasa.
Chete iyo nguva dzekutengesa kushandisa kwayo hakuna kuenderana kuunganidza kushaya basa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti izvo zvisina kuverengerwa kutora kushaikwa kwemabasa hazvingatariswe, kungave padanho rerubatsiro kana padanho rekupa.
Iyo nguva dzinoenderana zvakananga kune "zororo harina kunakirwa", ichaverengerwa sechikamu chenguva yekunyora.
Huwandu hwebhenefiti.
Kana chaunoda kuziva iyo kushaya basa iyo inoenderana newe, iwe unofanirwa chete kuverenga yako yekutonga base. Kune izvi isu tichafanirwa kuziva mupiro wezvezvino dambudziko rekushaikwa kwemabasa rinoenderana nemazuva ekupedzisira zana negumi nekuzvipatsanura ne180.
Mubhora rako unozviwana se "hwaro zvakajairika zvinoitika". Mukati memhedzisiro iyo inoshanda nedanho rekumisikidza, iwo maawa ekuwedzeredza haana kuiswa mukati mayo.
Kana hwaro hwepamutemo hwave kuzivikanwa, iyo yekushaikwa kwebhenefiti ichaverengerwa zvinotevera:
- Mukati memazuva 180 ekutanga, 70%.
- Mushure memazuva zana nemakumi masere kana kubva pazuva re180, 181%.
Mari shoma yegore ra2018.
Zvisinei nezvenyaya iyi, huwandu hwekushaikwa kwemabasa haufanire kunge uri pasi kana pasi peanotevera:
- Kuve nevasingashande kana vasingashande vanowana, vanovimba nevana (angave mumwe kana vamwe vana). Anenge ma665 euros, ayo akaenzana ne107% yeIPREM + 1/6 yeIPREM.
- Kana, semushandi asingashande kana asingashande kana mubatsiri, isu tisina vana vanovimba. Anenge mazana mashanu emaeuro, ayo akaenzana ne500% yeIPREM + 80/1 yeIPREM
Fomura yatinogona kuzvimisikidza nayo kuverenga izvi, inova ndiyo shoma huwandu hwekushaikwa kwebasa, ndeinotevera:
80% x (IPREM + 1/6 IPREM) kana 90% x (IPREM + 1/6 IPREM)
Mari yakakwira kwazvo yegore ra2018.
Zvisinei nenyaya yacho, huwandu hwekushaikwa kwebasa, haifanire kuva mukuru kana kuti mukuru kudarika zvinotevera:
- Kuve sevasingashandi kana vasingashandi vanowana, vanovimba nevana. 200% yeIPREM mune nyaya yekungova nemwana mumwe chete pasi pedu, uye 225% yeIPREM kana paine vanopfuura mumwe chete pasi pevatinotarisira, izvi kuwedzera 1/6 yeIPREM.
- Kutora semunhu asingashande kana asingashande anowana, mumwe chete mwana anovimba, iyo yakanyanya huwandu huwandu ingangoita 1200 euros.
- Kuva nevana vaviri kana vanopfuura vanovimba sevasingashandi kana vasingabatsiri vanowana, iyo yakanyanya kuwanda ingangoita 1400 euros.
- Kana semushandi asingashande kana asingashande kana mubatsiri, isu tisina vana vanovimba, huwandu hunofungidzirwa i1000 euros, iyo yakaenzana ne175% yeIPREM + 1/6 yayo.
Fomura yatinogona kuzvimisikidza nayo kuverenga izvi, inova ndiyo huwandu hwakawanda hwekushomeka kana kubatsirwa kwekushaya basa, inotevera:
175% x (IPREM + 1/6 IPREM) kana 225% x (IPREM + 1/6 IPREM)
Vana vanovimba nevashandi vasingashande kana vasingashande.
Vana vakavimbika vevashandi vasina basa vanofanirwa kusangana nezvimwe zvinodiwa kuti zvionekwe saizvozvo mukati memari inofungidzirwa. Zvinodikanwa zveizvi zvinotevera:
- Vana vakavimbika vevasingashande kana mushandi asingashande kana mubatsiri vanofanirwa kunge vari pasi pemakore makumi maviri nematanhatu ekuberekwa, vanogona kunge vari vakuru chero hurema hwakavakirwa pesenti yakaenzana kana yakakura kudarika 26% yezvavanogona
- Vana vakavimbika vemushandi asingashande kana asingashande kana mubatsiri vanofanirwa kugara nemubatsiri kana iye anowana anofanira kuve nechisungo chepamutemo nekuda kwesarudzo yekutonga kana muchibvumirano chekutsigira nemari mwana kana vana vari kutaurwa.
- Vana vakavimbika vevashandi kana vasina basa kana mubatsiri havana mari yakaenzana, yakakura kudarika kana yakakura kupfuura iyo SMI.
Zvichava zvakakosha kuziva mamiriro azvino umo mubatsiri aripo kana izvo zvaari kuda kuri kuda iyi bhenefiti, chero kushaya basa kuri kupesana nekuda kwake uye izvi zvakare zvinoreva kudzikiswa kwemaawa ekushanda kana kudzikiswa kwezuva rekushanda zuva nezuva.
Iyo nyaya yemari inoenderana nekuwedzera kwayo kana kuderera zvichienderana nenhamba yevana kana kusavapo kwevana vanovimba nemubatsiri kana asingashande kana mushandi asingashande, inogona kurapwa zvakasiyana mune chaiwo kesi, iyo mienzaniso inoratidzwa pano ndeyekufungidzira uye ivo chete vanofanira ishandiswe seyakajairwa kwete seyakananga uye / kana chaiyo mareferenzi.