Wati wambonzwa nezvehupfumi hwekubatsira vose? Ndiyo imwe yemafambiro anokanganisa kwete chete nharaunda yehupfumi, asiwo yezvematongerwo enyika uye yemagariro.
Asi, chii? Zvinorevei? Zvakanaka here kana kuti zvakaipa? Isu tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve iyi yehupfumi modhi.
Chii chinonzi hupfumi hwevanhu vose zvakanaka
Hupfumi hwezvakanakira vese hunogona kutsanangurwa sea hupfumi, zvematongerwo enyika uye zvemagariro maitiro ayo hunhu hukuru ndiko kukoshesa kuremekedzwa kwevanhu, democracy, kubatana uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.
Mune mamwe mazwi, ndiyo iyo mbiru dzayo huru, uye hunhu hwainoedza kuchengetedza, chiremerera, kodzero dzevanhu uye kutarisira nharaunda.
Nenzira iyi, hupfumi hwehupfumi (kuwana mari) kunotora kumashure tichitarisa nezvekugara zvakanaka kwevanhu. Ndiko kubudirira kwenyika, kana kambani.
Kana tikaisa pamberi pemamiriro ehupfumi huripo, apo imari inokunda uye kuguma kunoteverwa, pano tine muenzaniso apo ndiye munhu anokunda. Munhu akakosha kudarika mari.
Mafambiro akaita hupfumi hwezvakanakira vanhu vose
Kwakatangira iyi modhi yehupfumi Zvakaitika muna 2010 uye zvinonzi zvakakonzerwa neAustria economist Christian Felber. Mupfungwa yake akaisa simbiso huru pakuremekedza chiremera chemunhu, kubatana, kubatana uye kutarisira zvakatipoteredza.
Asi nyanzvi munyaya dzezvehupfumi iyi handiyo yega yataura nezvehupfumi kuti zvibatsire vanhu. Elinor Ostrom akataura kuti modhi iyi inogona kutorwa sekutonga uye kuronga kwezvakajairwa kuitira kuti pasave nekusaenzana. Achiparadzanisa zvinhu zvomusikirwo kubva kune zvenzanga, akaita nzira umo munhu mumwe nomumwe akanga ane zvinhu zvinodikanwa zvokurarama nazvo uye kuti nzanga irarame.
Ndeapi matambudziko aaizogadzirisa mumuenzaniso wehupfumi wazvino?
Sezvatakambokuudza, iyo hupfumi modhi yezvakanaka zvakajairika Iyo inopesana zvakanyanya nemuenzaniso wezvino, uye inogona kugadzirisa mamwe matambudziko ayo inawo. Semuenzaniso:
- Dzidzisa nechikonzero chezvakanaka zvakajairika munharaunda umo kukwikwidza, udyire uye kumira kunze kune mumwe nemumwe zvino kutonga.
- Kuvandudza makambani, mupfungwa yokuti vanokoshesa zvikuru kugara zvakanaka kwevashandi, uye kushanda nesimba kwavanoita pamari yavanowana pamusana pebasa ravo (dzimwe nguva rakawandisa).
- Pedzisa kusaenzana. Muchiitiko ichi, kusaenzana kunofanirwa kuve kushoma uye mari yakawandisa haizove yakakura kudarika kuwanda kweiyo mari shoma. Pamusoro pazvo, nhaka ichabhadhariswa mutero.
- Bvisa simba remusika wemari kuti uwedzere demokrasi, nemahara ekutarisa maakaundi, kukurudzira mareti emari, nezvimwe.
- Yaizogadzirisa kusagadzikana kwemari kunokonzerwa nekufungidzira uye kuyerera kwemari nekugadzira kudyidzana kwemari nekutengeserana.
- Ini ndaizotarisira nharaunda nekubheja pakutengeserana kwetsika uye nekudzikisa tsoka yezvakatipoteredza.
- Chinetso icho vanhu vasinganzwi vanozivikanwa kana kuti kumiririrwa neavo vanotonga chaizobviswa. Sei? Kugadzira demokrasi yakananga asiwo mumiriri, uko vagari vanogona kutonga nzvimbo dzakakosha sezvematongerwo enyika kana hupfumi.
Nei hupfumi hwezvakanaka zvakajairika husina "kunaka" sezvavanopenda
Kunyange zvakadaro iyi yehupfumi modhi inonyanya kukwezva, yechokwadi uye pamwe utopian, chokwadi ndechekuti kuseri kweaya mabhenefiti ainopa, kunewo divi rakasviba.
Muchiitiko ichi, inenge iri tsanangudzo ye "zvakanaka". Hapana ane pfungwa dzakafanana pazviri uye zvakaoma kusvika pakubvumirana.
Kunyangwe iyi modhi inoratidza izvozvo tsananguro yezvakanaka zvakabatana ichasarudzwa maererano nedemocracy, uye maererano neruzhinji, tinenge tichimanikidza vamwe zvinofungwa nevazhinji. Ndiko kuti, hatitarisi pamaonero ako, asi chete pahuwandu hwenhengo.
Pamusoro pezvo, kodzero dzezvivakwa zvepachivande dzinofanirwa kubviswa, nekuti zvese zvingave zvakanaka kune vese. Zvinoreva kuti chero munhu anogona kushandisa zvavanoda, uye panogona kuve nekunyanya kushandiswa.
Pamwe chete neizvi, hapana mubvunzo kuti iyo modhi yaisazoita kune kukura kwehupfumi, asi kune kumira kana kuderera sezvo kana zvese zviri zvemunhu wese, hapana chaizokura, asi, sezvo chainge chapera, chaizomira kushandiswa.
Mumashoko e nyanzvi munyaya dzezvehupfumi Juan Ramón Rallo: "The Economy for the Common Good kuyedza kweinjiniya yemagariro inotakura mhosva yekukundikana mumagadzirirwo ayo. Zvikanganiso zvaro zvitatu zvakakura, sezvatakagadzira zvakanyanya, tiri kuedza kupikisa pfungwa yezvakanaka zvakajairika, tichifunga kuti zvinogoneka kuronga zviitiko zvemabhiriyoni evanhu nekuregeredza hurongwa hwemitengo, uye nekuregeredza kuparadzwa uko kune hutsinye. kubva mukutambudzwa kwepfuma (mumativi ayo maviri: kuunganidza hupfumi uye kutonga kwebhizinesi manejimendi)».
Chokwadi ndechekuti hatizive kuti zvaizoshanda here kana kuti kwete. Kana kuti kana nzira yacho pamwe chete nemisimboti yehupfumi hwezvakanakira vanhu vese inofanira kuvandudzwa. Asi zviri pachena ndezvekuti, kana zvikaitwa nenzira iyi, zvingave nemukana wekugadzira nyika ine utopian, chete kuti mhinduro inoshaikwa yekuvandudza kukura kwayo.