Pakave nemakambani maviri akapfuura zvaitarisirwa mumhedzisiro yavo yebhizinesi mukota yekutanga yegore panguva dzakaomarara kwazvo nekuda kwemhedzisiro pakuwedzera kwecoronavirus. Aya makambani akanyorwa ndiEndesa neRapsol, ayo akavandudza mhedzisiro yavo maringe nerazvino emamwe makambani anoumba indekisi inosarudzika yemari munyika medu. Semuyenzaniso, Inditex uye kazhinji mabhanga ese akanyorwa kudonha mumhedzisiro yavo uye icho chiratidzo chekuipa kwakanyanya kweutachiona uhwu mune rezvehupfumi uye bhizinesi chikamu chenyika yedu.
Mhedzisiro yakawanikwa, zvese neEndesa neRapsol, vakashanda kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zvavo zvakakosheswa mumisika yemari nenzira yakasimba kwazvo. With kuonga kwe4% uye 13% pamitengo yavo yepakutanga nekupinda kwevatsva vadiki nepakati vashambadzi nechinangwa chekuita kuti mari yavo ichengetwe munguva yakaoma zvikuru yekudyara mumusika wemasheya. Mune ino mamiriro, inogona kuve maviri maitiro anoita zvirinani kupfuura mamwe ese kubva zvino zvichienda nekuda kwekuvimba kwavakagadzira pakati peavo vakasiyana emari vamiririri. Uye chii chakanyanya kukosha, panguva iyo iyo coronavirus yakonzera kudzikira kwehutsinye muGross Domestic Chigadzirwa (GDP) yenyika yedu.
Nepo kune rumwe rutivi, hazvigone kukanganwika kuti mune ese ari maviri mamiriro pakave nekuvandudzika kunoshamisa mune yehunyanzvi chimiro. Nemaitiro ekukwira kumusoro mune izvo zvinoreva kune yenguva yakareba uye izvo saka kukoka kuwanda kutsva kwekufambiswa kwemari kubva ikozvino. Inotyisa kwazvo mune iyo kambani yemafuta kana mutengo wezvisina kuchena uri munhoroondo dzakaderera nekutengesa pazasi pe $ 20 dhiramu imwe neimwe. Mushure mekudonha mumitengo yavo mushure mekuwedzera mukugadzirwa kwavo mumavhiki apfuura uye izvo zvakatungamira mukusava nechokwadi mumisika yese yemari yepasi. Kuenderana nekuderera kwehupfumi mune ese hupfumi hwenyika, uko kuderera kuri kwechokwadi.
Endesa neRapsol vanodarika zvinotarisirwa
Chero zvazvingaitika, chakanyanya kukosha pamhedzisiro yavo yebhizinesi ndechekuti vanga vari pamusoro pekufungidzira kwenyanzvi. Uye nekudaro, chave chiri kushamisika kwakanaka kwazvo kune vashoma nevapakati varimimari vakawana hunhu hwavanogona kuita seutiziro mumamiriro azvino mamiriro. Tichifunga nezvechiitiko ichi, hazvisi zvisina musoro kuti izvi zvirevo pamusika wemasheya zvinogona kudzoserwa mumwedzi iri kuuya yekota yechipiri iyi. Kune zvinokuvadza, semuenzaniso, emabhangi, ari mune mamiriro e kusununguka kudonha uye kuti ivo havana kukodzera zvakanyanya kuvhura zvinzvimbo mumisika yepasi rose yemari. Mukuchinja mune marongero evashandisi maererano nekodhirivhari yavo yekudyara kuti mari yavo yavanowana ibatsire.
Kune rimwe divi, zvakakoshawo kujekesa chokwadi chekuti aya maviri masheya kukosha akaona kuderedzwa kwekudonha kwavakange vaunganidza kubva mavhiki ekutanga aKurume. Kubva kwavakadzikira pazviitiko zvese izvi pamatanho ari pamusoro pe30%. Uye neimwe nzira, yakabatsirwa nenyaya yekuti European Central Bank (ECB) yakaratidza zvakare kuti iri kuda kubatsira hupfumi hwenyika dzakanyanya kubatwa nekuwedzera kwecoronavirus. Iko Repsol yanga iri imwe yeakanyanya kukosheswa mukuyera kwayo mumusika wemasheya, ichienda mune pfupi pfupi nzvimbo yenguva kubva ku12 euros kusvika ku7 euros. Nechekucheka kweinenge hafu pamutengo wayo wepakutanga.
Repsol, kuderera kwe27%
Mukota yekutanga ya2020, Repsol yakawana mhedzisiro yakagadziriswa ye447 mamirioni, inomiririra a 27,7% inoderera zvichienzaniswa nemamirioni 618 enguva imwe cheteyo gore rapfuura. Mhedzisiro iyi, iyo inonyatso kuyera hunhu hwemabhizimusi ekambani, yakawanikwa mune yekushomeka kunoshamisa, kwakaratidzirwa nekudonha kwakapinza mumitengo yemafuta uye gasi, uye kuderera kwakanyanya mukuda kwakakonzerwa neCOVID-19. Repsol yakachengeta zvivakwa zvayo zvichishanda uye yakaita basa rakakosha reruzhinji munzvimbo yedambudziko rehutano hwepasi rose.
Kune rimwe divi, yemhando yakasanganiswa yebhizinesi modhi, pamwe nekuchinjika uye kusimba, zvaive zvakakosha kumabhizinesi ayo kuti awane mhedzisiro yakasimba mune ino mamiriro akashata. Wepakati mutengo weBrent uye WTI yakasviba yakawira ne21% uye 17%, zvichiteerana, zvichienzaniswa nemwedzi mitatu yekutanga ye2019. Pakupera kwekota, Brent yaitengesa pazasi pemadhora makumi maviri dhiramu. Panyaya yegasi, kuderera kwacho kwakatonyanya kuitika, nekudonha kuri pakati pe20% muchiitiko cheHenry Hub, uye 36% muAlgonquin.
Kuvandudza mune yako chikamu
Chero zvazvingaitika, iyo yenyika mafuta kambani yereferenzi ikozvino yawana kuti ayo ongororo yekugona iri kunyanya kuratidza kupfuura mwedzi mishoma yapfuura. Nepo pane izvo zvinopesana, yakasimudza purofiti yechikamu chayo nezvikamu zvishoma muzana. Kuve mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu chimwe chemasheya akachengetedzeka ayo anopa yakanyanya kusimba mhindu kune vashoma nepakati varimi. Sekuwedzera kukurudzira kuitira kuti zvikamu zvavo zvigone kubvumidzwa nevashambadzi vadiki nepakati. Nemaitiro ari padhuze ne 9% mazinga, pamusoro pezvimwe zvirevo mumisika yemari yenyika yedu.
Kune rimwe divi, hazvigone kukanganwika kuti kambani iyi yakavhiringidzwa zvakanyanya nekuderera kwakanyanya mumutengo wemafuta asina kuchena. Kusvika pakuti nyaya iyi yasvika pamatanho pazasi pechipingamupinyi chemadhora makumi maviri pabharira. Muchirevo ichi, bhizinesi reRepsol rinogona kukanganiswa munzvimbo dzinouya nekuda kweichi chiitiko chakaomarara icho ichi chemari chiri kusangana nacho. Iko kusina vashoma vaongorori vanotenda kuti mitengo yekare ichatora nguva yakareba kuti ishanyirwe uye izvi zvinogona kutungamira Repsol kuva nematambudziko akawanda ekuputsa chipingamupinyi chegumi euros pamugove, zvirinani nezve pfupi pfupi nguva.
Endesa nezvibatsiro
Endesa yakavhara kota yekutanga ye2020 nemhedzisiro yakanaka nekuda kwe manejimendi yemusika wakasununguka, uko kugadzikana kwemusika unodzorwa wakawedzerwa. Mhedzisiro iyi yakanaka inoratidza kukonzeresa kwekupinda mukushanda kwechibvumirano chitsva chekubatanidza pamwe nekurekodwa kwezvimwe zviwanikwa zvekugadziriswa kwevashandi, izvo zvakakonzera kunaka kwema 267 mamirioni emauro pamhedzisiro. Iko kuwedzera kwemubhadharo, kunze kwemhedzisiro iyi, kwave kuri 59%.
Iyo yakaunganidzwa peninsular kudiwa kwesimba remagetsi yakadzikira ne 3,2% zvichienzaniswa nenguva imwecheteyo ye2019 (-2,8% yakagadziriswa pamhedzisiro yebasa uye tembiricha). Mune Asiri-Peninsular Territories (TNP), kuderera kwave kuri 5% muBalearic Islands uye 1,4% muCanary Islands (-3,2% uye -1%, zvichiteerana, mushure mekugadzirisa mhedzisiro yebasa uye tembiricha).
Chokwadi esMamiriro acho akawedzeredzwa nekuziviswa kwenzvimbo yekuvhundutsa, iyo yakadzora kudiwa zvakanyanya mukati mehafu yepiri yaKurume. Chero zvazvingaitika, mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nedenda haina kunge yakakanganisa mhedzisiro yekota yekutanga. Chekutanga chikamu che2020 chakaratidzirwa nemitengo yakaderera mumusika wekutengesa magetsi (~ 35 euros pa MWh, -37%) semhedzisiro, kunyanya, kwekuderera kwekudiwa, kutora chikamu kukuru kwesimba rinowedzerwazve, kudzikiswa mutengo wekabhoni dhayokisaidhi (CO2) kodzero dzekubuda uye shanduko yemitengo yezvinhu zvakasvibirira.
Mupfungwa iyi, CEO weEndesa, José Bogas, akataura kuti "Mhedzisiro yakanaka yeEndesa mukota yekutanga ichatibatsira kutarisana nemhedzisiro yeCOVID-19 mukota yechipiri nevimbiso. Kambani yatotanga basa rese rekuvaka mapaki anowedzerwazve, uye isu takazvipira zvizere kune mari dzakatarwa muchirongwa chedu. Tiri kutodzidza nezve mukana wekukurumidza chirongwa ichi, kunyanya mumhepo nemagetsi ezuva, kuti tibatsire kumutsiridza hupfumi nekugadzira mabasa nekugadzira hupfumi ".
Maitiro ekudyara muSpain
Spain ndiyo hupfumi hwegumi nematanhatu pasirese yezita rayo rose rezvigadzirwa zvemumba (GDP) uye yegumi neshanu pasimba rayo rekutenga (PPP). Kunyangwe hazvo hupfumi hwakatambura zvakadzama munguva yedambudziko remari muna13, zvave kubva zvave imwe yehupfumi huri kukura nekukurumidza muEurope. Vemari vekunze vakavandudza kufarira kwavo nyika sezvo hupfumi hwayo huri kuramba huchiwedzera nekufamba kwenguva.
Yemakwikwi hupfumi. Hupfumi hweSpain hwakanyanya kutarisana nemasevhisi (71%), maindasitiri (14%) uye kuvaka (10%), pamwe nekusara kwehupfumi kuri kubva mune zvekurima nesimba. Mukati mezvikamu izvi, nyika inogara kumakambani mazhinji makuru epasi rese, kusanganisira anowedzerwazve simba mushandisi Iberdrola uye makambani ekufona akadai seTelefonica neMovistar.
Iyo 2018 Global Kukwikwidza Report yakadonongodza hupfumi hweSpain seye 26th yakanyanya kuvandudzwa muzvivakwa pasi rese. Aya masosi anoiisa pamberi pehupfumi hwakasimukira senge China, Itari nePortugal, nehurongwa hwayo hwekumhanyisa njanji uye hwakasimukira hunyanzvi hwekuvaka.
Chengetedza muSpain ne ETFs
Nzira iri nyore yekudyara muSpain ndeyekushandisa epasi rose maEFF, ayo anopa kusiyanisa kwazvino kuita chengetedzo imwechete inotengeswa muUnited States. Nekuve neakasiyana mapotifuru emakambani anotora zvikamu zvakawanda, varimi havafanirwe kunetseka zvakanyanya nezve njodzi yekufungisisa kana kutenga nekutengesa chikwereti cheimwe masheya. Iko kushambadzira ndekwekuti mari idzi dzinobhadharisa mwero wekushomeka, izvo zvinogona kudzosera kudzoka kuzere nekufamba kwenguva.
Idzo ina dzakakurumbira dzeSpanish ETFs dzinosanganisira:
- iShares MSCI Spain Yakapetwa ETF (EWP)
- iShares Mari Yakakomberedzwa MSCI Spain ETF (HEWP)
- SPDR MSCI Spain Hunhu Sanganisa ETF (QESP)
- Deutsche X-Trackers MSCI Spain Hedged Equity ETF (DBSP)
Pane zvakawanda zvinhu izvo vatyairi venyika dzese vanofanirwa kufunga vasati vaisa mari mune idzi ETFs. Pakati pese, vatengesi vanofanira kutsvaga ETFs nemari yakaderera yemari vachifungidzira kuti zvimwe zvese zvakaenzana kuwedzera kudzoka. Izvo zvakakoshawo kune varimi kuti vafunge nezvemahofisi epamusoro ekuisa njodzi pamwe neEFs dzakanangana nematunhu akasarudzika ehupfumi uye njodzi dzemari dzinosanganisirwa neEFF dzisinganyanyo kutengeswa.
Chengetedza muSpain neADRs
American depository maretiiti - kana ADRs - ndeimwe nzira iri nyore yekudyara muSpain pasina kuvhura account ye brokerage kunze kwenyika. Aya machengetedzo akasungirirwa akananga kubhasikiti yemasheya ekunze uye anotengeswa pasitendi yekuUS, zvinoreva kuti varimi havafanirwe kunetseka pamusoro pemutero unobhadharwa nemari yekunze inowanikwa. Dzakawanda dzemari idzi dzinotengeswawo mukuchinjana kwenyika senge New York Stock Exchange iyo inogona kunge iri mvura yakawanda kupfuura OTC.
Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa Spanish ADRs inosanganisira:
- Santander Bank (SAN)
- Runhare (TEF)
- Abengoa (ABGB)
- Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (BBVA)
- Grifols (GRFS)
Zvekare, kune zvakawanda zvinhu izvo vatyairi venyika dzese vanofanirwa kufunga zvakadzama vasati vatenga ADRs. Chinhu chakanyanya kukosha chinowanzo kuve nekushomeka, kunyanya muchiitiko cheADRs dzinotengeswa pamisika yeOTC. Sezvo masheya ekunze anowanzove nevateveri vashoma vekumba, maADR mazhinji anotengesa mashoma kwazvo zuva rega rega pane masheya epamba, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti zvive nenjodzi kana muzvinashawo achiedza kutenga kana kutengesa nemitengo yakanaka.
Mhedzisiro yekupedzisira
Spain yakava nzvimbo inowedzera mukurumbira yekudyara sezvo hupfumi hwayo huri kuramba huchiwedzera kubva mudambudziko rezvemari ra2008. Seimwe yehupfumi huri kukura nekukurumidza muEurope muna2015, varimi venyika dzepasi rose vangangoda kutarisisa hupfumi hwakambokanganiswa. Spanish ETFs neADRs ndiyo mbiri nzira dziri nyore dzekudyara munyika pasina kusangana nedambudziko rekuvhura account yekutengesa kunze kwenyika uye kubhadhara mutero. Nemazano aya mupfungwa, varimi vepasirese vanogona kusanganisira kuratidzwa kweiyi hupfumi hunovimbisa mumapotifoliyo avo.
Investment muzvidhina
Mutengo weSpanish dzimba wakawedzera ne4,68% mukati megore kusvika chikamu chechitatu che2019 (4,36% yakagadziridzwa kune inflation), iyo inomiririra kudzikira kana ichienzaniswa nekukura kwe7,16% gore rapfuura uye nhanho yakanonoka kubva mukota yechina ya2016 , maererano neNational Institute of Statistics (INE). Pakota yekota, mitengo yemba yakawedzera 1.58% mukota yechitatu ya2019 (2.26% yakagadziriswa inflation).
Nemhando yezvivakwa:
Dzimba Dziripo: Mitengo yakawedzera 4.41% mukati megore kuburikidza nechetatu chikamu cha2019 (4.08% yakagadziriswa inflation), iyo inononoka kukura mumakore matatu.
Dzimba nyowani: mitengo yakawedzera 6.64% gore-ne-gore mukota yechitatu ye2019 (6.31% yakagadziriswa inflation), mushure mekuwedzera kwegore kwe7.17% mukota yechipiri ya2019, 10.35% mukota yekutanga ye2019, 8.03 % mukota yechina ya2018 uye 6.13% mukota yechitatu ya2018.
Bhengi reSpain rinotaura nezvekuwedzera kwakaderera mumitengo yeimba. Pakati pegore kusvika kuchikamu chechitatu che2019, mitengo yemba munyika yese yakawedzera zvine mwero 3,07% (2,75% yakagadziriswa inflation). Pakota yekota, mitengo yemba yakakwira miniscule 0,05% mukota yechitatu ya2019 (0,73% yakagadziriswa inflation).
Mushure memakore manomwe akareba ekudonha kwemitengo yeimba, musika weSpanish real estate wakangokura zvakare muna 2015. Mitengo yemba yeSpanish yakanga yadonha huwandu hwe36,3% (-42,9% yakagadziriswa inflation) kubva kune yechitatu quarter ya2007 kusvika kune yekutanga quarter ya2015 , uye mitengo yemitengo iriko yakadonha kusvika pa43,1% (-49% yakagadziriswa inflation), sekureva kwenhamba dzeINE. Paive makumi maviri nemana akateedzana makota egore-pa-gore kuderera.
Kudiwa kuri kudzikira zvishoma nezvishoma. Imba yekutengesa kuSpain yakadonha ne3,1% mumwedzi gumi yekutanga ya2019 zvichienzaniswa nenguva yakafanana yegore rapfuura, kusvika kumayuniti 427.638 10,8, mushure mekuwedzera ne2018% muna 15,4, 2017% muna 14, 2016% muna 11,5 uye 2015% mu 4, maererano neNational Institute of Statistics (INE). Huwandu hwekutengesa kwevese-hand dzimba dzakaderera 1,3% asi yakawedzera zvishoma XNUMX% yedzichangovakwa dzimba.
Chekupedzisira, rangarira izvo zvechokwadi kuti esMamiriro acho akawedzeredzwa nekuziviswa kwenzvimbo yekuvhundutsa, iyo yakadzora kudiwa zvakanyanya mukati mehafu yepiri yaKurume. Chero zvazvingaitika, mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nedenda haina kunge yakakanganisa mhedzisiro yekota yekutanga. Iko isingagoni kukanganikwa kuti kwave kune makambani maviri akapfuura zvinotarisirwa mumhedzisiro yavo yebhizinesi mukota yekutanga yegore panguva dzakaomarara kwazvo nekuda kwemhedzisiro yekuwedzera kwecoronavirus.