Paunenge uchiita chero nzira yepamutemo ine chekuita nemari, rubatsiro, nezvimwe. Ivo vanowanzo bvunza kune akati wandei zvinodiwa zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwekarukureta. Kunyanya panyaya yerubatsiro, pane kutaura kwakawanda pamusoro pemari yemhuri pamunhu, asi izvozvo zvinoverengwa sei? Chii chinonzi mhuri per capita income?
Muchikamu chino tinotsanangura chirevo chemari yemunhu wega wega uye isu tichatarisa kumhuri, tichitsanangura maverengero ayo.
Chii chinonzi per capita income
Tisati tatsanangura kuti mhuri inotambira pamunhu chii, ngatitangei tajekesa izwi rekuti “income per capita”, rinozivikanwawo serencome per capita kana GDP per capita. Ndiwo mhedzisiro pakati pemwero wemari yenyika yakapihwa nehuwandu hwayo. Kuti uwane iyi nhamba, patsanura iyo PIB (gross domestic product) yenyika iyoyo yakakamurwa nenhamba yevagari vayo. Naizvozvo, nemari inowanikwa nemunhu wese tinokwanisa kuona mwero wekugara zvakanaka kana hupfumi hwenzvimbo iri kutaurwa, panguva yakatarwa.
Kushandiswa kweindekisi iyi kuishandisa sechiratidzo chekudzikama kana hupfumi hweimwe nyika zvine musoro. Nekuverenga kunoshandiswa kuwana pamunhu mari mari yenyika inodyidzana kuburikidza neGDP munguva yakatarwa uye vagari venzvimbo yakataurwa. Hazvishamisi kuti inowanzoshandiswa sechiyero chekuenzanisa pakati penyika dzakasiyana. Nenzira iyi, kusiyana kwehupfumi pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana kunogona kuratidzwa.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti GDP iyo inowanzoshandiswa kuverenga per capita income ndiyo iyo Inoratidzwa nemashoko ezita. Izvi zvinorevei? Zvakanaka, vanoshandisa mitengo iripo yezvinhu uye masevhisi akagadzirwa panguva iri kutaurwa. Hazvina kujairika kushandisa mitengo yenguva dzose, yakadai seGDP chaiyo.
Zvipingamupinyi
Kunyangwe ichokwadi kuti kuverenga kwemari yemunhu kunoshandiswa zviri pamutemo, kune vamwe vanhu vasingabvumirani nenzira iyi, uye vane nharo dzakasimba. Ireshiyo inokurukurwa zvakanyanya sezvo isingapi ruzivo rwakakwana. Izvo hazvitarisi zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sekuti, semuenzaniso, kusaenzana maererano nekugovewa kwehupfumi munyika, mwero webudiriro yenzvimbo kana dzidzo. Kunyangwe paine kazhinji hukama hwakananga pakati pemuhoro weimwe nzvimbo uye zvinhu zvakaita sebudiriro, hutano uye dzidzo, mari yemunhu haigone kuratidza chokwadi uye zvachose mararamiro chaiwo emugari weimwe nyika. .
Saka zvinonzwisisika kuti vanhu vakawanda vanotaura izvozvo mari yemunhu wese hairatidze chokwadi mune mamwe mamiriro ekusagutsikana munharaunda kana kusaenzana. Ichi chinhu chinonyanya kuburitswa kana hupfumi hwenyika huchikura, asi hazviratidzike musimba rekutenga remugari kana muhupenyu hwavo, zvisinei nekuti kune kuvandudzwa kwehupfumi.
Mhuri pamunhu mari
Zvino zvatave kunzwisisa pfungwa yemari yemunhu, ngatitsanangure kuti mhuri pamunhu inotambira chii. Kana pane imwe nguva takakumbira rubatsiro kuruzhinji, zvinokwanisika kuti takasangana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana, chimwe chazvo ndechekuti mari yemhuri pamunhu haipfuure imwe mari, chokwadi? Zvakanaka ipapo, tichatsanangura kuti mari yemhuri pamunhu chii.
Zvakangofanana nemuhoro wega wega asi pachiyero chidiki: Imba chaiyo. Naizvozvo, mari yemhuri pamunhu Ndiyo mari yese yemumba yakakamurwa nenhengo dzakakodzera muchikamu chemhuri.
Kana tichitaura nezvemitezo inowirirana yemhuri, zvinotevera zvinosanganisirwa:
- Vabereki kana vachengeti
- Vana vari vadiki uye vasina kusunungurwa
- Vana vezera remutemo asi vachionekwa sevasina simba padanho rekutonga
Mari yemunhu pamunhu yemhuri inoverengwa sei?
Sezvatakambotaura kare, kuziva mari yedu yemhuri pamunhu kwakakosha zvikuru kana tichida kukumbira rubatsiro kubva kuhurumende. Sezvo richiita serimwe basa rakaoma, isu tichakuitira nyore, tichitsanangura maverengero emari yemhuri pamunhu nekutevera matanho aya:
- Tsvaga zvichangoburwa chirevo chemari, iya yegore rapfuura.
- Joint income statement: Wedzera huwandu mumabhokisi 445, inova iyo saving tax base, uye 430, inova iyo general base base. Mhedzisiro yemari iyi imari yegore negore.
- Mari inowanikwa nemhuri pamunhu: Huwandu hunowanikwa kubva muhuwandu hwemabhokisi 430 ne445 hunofanirwa kukamurwa nehuwandu hwenhengo dzakakodzera dzechikamu chemhuri chiri kutaurwa.