Euribor ndicho chirevo cherudzi rweEuropean rwekupihwa kwemabhangi, kana nezita rayo muChirungu Euro Interbank Yakapihwa Rate. Tichifunga nezve iyi dudziro, tinogona kutaura kuti ivhareji yemutero inoshandiswa muzvikwereti, uye kuti inoverengerwa kushandiswa nevazhinji vemabhangi eEuropean, ayo pamwe chete anoumba boka remabhangi.
Nepo imwe neimwe ye mabhengi masangano yakazvimiririra mukushanda kwayo, pane iyi mhando yedata kuitira kuti vakwanise parameterize uye standardize maitiro avo emari. Saka kuitira kuti ukwanise kuita chaiyo kuverenga kukwereta kweEuribor, yakaderera 15% uye yepamusoro 15% yeiyo mareti emari izvo zvakaunganidzwa musampling. Nenzira iyi, zuva rega rega, kujekesa kuti zvinongoshanda chete kumazuva ebhizinesi, na11: 00 CET zviyero zvemubereko zveEuribor zvakatemwa uye zvatsikiswa.
Iyo yebhangi system
Asi tisati taenderera mberi nekutaura nezveEuribor, tinofanira kunzwisisa imwe pfungwa yakakosha.Ndeupi mhando yeiyo interbank kupihwa? Zvakanaka mhinduro yacho iri nyore. Iyo Euribor Iine mashandiro ekugona kubhadhara mutero zvikwereti zvinoitwa nemasangano ekubhengi, kujekesa kuti zvikwereti zvinoitwa pakati pavo.
Icho chikonzero nei zvichikosha kuti mabhanga akweretesane mari kune mumwe nemumwe kugona kuvimbisa kuti nguva dzose pane iyo solvency yeiyo interbank system. Nenzira iyi, panofanirwa kuve nenzira iyo inokwanisa kudzora uye kuverenga pamwe nemarii iyo iyo zvikwereti zvinofanirwa kudzoserwa. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti pamusoro pechowo chekuti mubereko unofanirwa kubhadharwa, huwandu hunodaidzwa kuti "premium premium" unofanirwa kuvharwa.
Uye chiinekuti iyo Euribor inosiyana? Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti pane mwero wekutendeka pakati pemabhangi avanayo mune mumwe nemumwe; Idhata senge solvency, zvirevo zvemari, uye mareferenzi emari inoyerera inozivisa kuti bhangi ingavimba zvakadii kuti mumwe anokwanisa kudzorera chikwereti pasina dambudziko. Nekuda kweizvi, bhangi rega rega rinoisa mwero waro wekukwerengerwa kupihwa ruzivo rwainarwo; asi kuitira kuti upe pfungwa yehunhu hwese hwemaitiro emabhangi, zvinoreva masvomhu emutengo wemubereko wemabhanga makuru makumi mashanu muEurope inoitwa.
Parizvino zvese zvinonzwika sekunakidza, asi pamwe zvisina kukodzera kwazvo kune vanhuwo zvavo, zvisinei chokwadi ndechekuti zvinokanganisa vese vanhuwo zvavo nemabhangi pachavo, ngatione chikonzero cheizvi.
Kukosha kweEuribor
Iyo Euribor Isu takatozvinzwisisa sechiyero chemubereko icho bhangi rinofanira kusangana nekuremekedza zvikwereti zvakaitwa nerimwe bhangi. Asi iro bhangi rakakumbira chikwereti rinowana kupi mari yekubhadhara iyo mubereko? Mhinduro yacho ndeyevashandisi vekupedzisira vemari yakati, kuti tisu vanhu vanokumbira zvikwereti kubhanga, pamusoro pezvose zvakakosha kune avo vanokumbira zvikwereti zveimbageji.
Saka kuti bhangi rive nechokwadi chekuti rinowana solvency yekubhadhara izvo zvakakonzerwa nechikwereti chakumbirwa kubva kune rimwe bhanga, zvinoita kukarukureta kweye mogeji chimbadzo mwero zvichibva paEuribor. Nenzira iyi, inoverenga chiyero nekushandisa iyo Euribor kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu kana pane dzimwe nhambo kune rimwe gore.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti iyo bank ichapa wekupedzisira mushandisi, mari yechimbadzo yemari inotengwa pa in the Kukosha kweEuribor zviri kushanda; kuitira kuti, kana izvi zvakakwirira, iko kuwedzera mwero wechimbadzo unozoshandiswa. Iyi poindi inonyanya kukosha kune avo vanonyorera yeanoshandura mwero wechikwereti, nekuti mune izvi zviitiko mwero wemubereko unobva pachikwereti chako unozobatwa zvakanaka kana zvisina kunaka, zvichikonzera kuti iwe ubhadhare mari yakawanda kana shoma.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kupa muripo wemushandisi, iyo bhangi inowanzo shandisa kupararira iyo inosvetuka pakati pe 0 ne 1,5; Chii chicha tsanangura uyu mutsauko inyaya mbiri huru; chinhu chekutanga chimiro chehupfumi chemutengi. Icho chikonzero chekuti izvi zvinokonzeresa musiyano ndezveimwe iyo iyo interbank mwero inosiyana, kuvimba iyo bhangi ine mumushandisi kuchanyanya kutsanangura kana musiyano mukuru kana mudiki wakawedzerwa.
Chechipiri chinhu chinokanganisa sarudzo yekupararira kuti ishandise ndeyomunhu mukana wekutaurirana, uye kunyangwe ichiratidzika kunge isingaite, muchokwadi pane zvimwe zvikonzero zvatinogona kushandisa kudzikisa kupararira kuchazoshandiswa. .
Muchidimbu, zvakakosha kuti kana isu tine mortgage credit kana kana isu tiri kufunga yekukumbira imwe, tinofanirwa kugara tichifunga kuti simulation yakaitwa yechikwereti chedu haina kuvimbika kana kunyatsoita; sezvo kuverenga kwacho kuchiitwa zuva nezuva, kuitira kuti, kana iyo Euribor ikawedzera, chikamu chatinofanira kuvhara kuti titenge chikwereti chichava chinodhura, kune rimwe divi, kana iyo Euribor ikadzikira, chikamu chedu chingadererawo.
Chimwe chikonzero nei ichipihwa kunyanya kukoshesa kukosha kweEuribor ndeyekuti inoshandiswa sehwaro hwekuverenga kukosha kwezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemari. Semuenzaniso, kukosha uku kunoshandiswa sereferenzi kune chero mhando yezvinhu zvinogadzirwa senge remangwana remari, kana swaps, pamwe nezvibvumirano pane ese emangwana emitero.
Pasina kupokana iyo Euribor chakakosha chiratidzo kune wese munhuKune ese ari maviri hurumende nemasangano emari, pamwe nevanhuwo zvavo. Nekudaro kukosha kuti sevashandisi vekupedzisira isu tinoziva kwazvinobva uye kuti zvinotibata sei muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Asi zvine zvadzinogumira here?
Kukamurwa kukuru kweichi chirevo chemari ndechekuti zvinongoshanda chete kumabhangi ari eEuropean Union, zvekuti kana tichida kuita kuverenga kune imwe nharaunda, isu tinofanirwa kuisa chirevo chinoshandiswa nenzvimbo iyoyo. Kupa muenzaniso, kugona kuita kuverenga kuUnited Kingdom, chirevo chataizofanira kushandisa ndicho LIBOR, iyo ine basa rakafanana neEuribor, asi muLondon.
Izvo zvakare zvinoita kuti isu tifunge kuti kuitira kuti tikwanise kuenzanisa hutano hwemari yedunhu rimwe nekuremekedza kune imwe zvinokwanisika kuenzanisa yayo interbank zvinopihwa; kazhinji kacho kumwe kufananidzwa kwakajairika kana mareferenzi ari iyo yeEuribor neRIBOR.
Kugadziriswa kweEuribor
Kunyangwe hazvo hurongwa hwese hwakagadzirirwa kushanda kuti hubatsire ese ari maviri masisitimu nevashandisi vekupedzisira, pakave nenguva apo zvido zvevamwe vanhu zvakapindira nenzira yakashandiswa. Maitiro eEuribor, Kuziva zvishoma nezvenhoroondo iyi kunotibatsira kuti tinzwisise zvirinani kushomeka kwesisitimu ino. Uye sei zvakaitika kare zvakagadziriswa.
Kubva mugore ra1999 iyo Euribor yakatanga kushanda, kusvika mugore ra2012 zvese zvakaratidza kuti iyo Euribor yaive yakanaka, zvisinei, paive musi waFebruary 22 apo magweta maviri ane mukurumbira akashora kuti paive nekusagadzikana mune mogeji mhando kuisa kukoshesa kwakakosha paEuribor; Chikonzero chikuru cheichi chichemo ndechekuti hapana aiongorora kuumbwa kwayo, zvekuti iyo Euribor yakaramba ichingwarira kune zvinogona kuitika.
Uye zvirokwazvo mu2011 kuferefeta kwakange kwavhurwa pane izvo zvinogona kugadziriswa zvinogona kuitika; Nyaya yeEuribor haina kusarudzika, asi mabhanga emabhanga akabhadhariswawo kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika, seCanada, uko HSBC, JPMorgan, Royal Bank, pakati pevamwe, vakabhadhariswa faindi.
Kupedzisa kwekuferefeta yakaguma nekubhadhariswa faindi nemabhangi akasiyana, faindi inosvika mamirioni 1.710 emamiriyoni. Iwo mabhanga ayo akatemerwa zvirango aive 6. Pasina kupokana, mamiriro aya anosuwa, sezvo chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti mari dzevashandisi dzakakanganiswa zvakananga nezvido zveavo vaibatanidzwa.
Chidiki chenhoroondo yekuti Euribor yaita sei chinotipa chiratidzo chechave chakanakisa; Uye ndezvekuti mukati memakore ayo ekutanga izvo zvakaonekwa ndezvekuti maitiro ayo ari kudzikira, zvisinei zvaive kusvika muna2008 umo kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwezvibereko kwakaonekwa nenzira yakakura; kunyangwe ichisvika kukosha kwe4,42%, inova yakawanda kwazvo kana tichiienzanisa neyayo nhoroondo, izvo zvakawanikwa muna2015, uko kukosha kwacho kwaive 0,165% mumwedzi waMay wegore iro. Pasina kupokana, zvinonakidza kuona hunhu hwekare uye kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu akabatanidza iyo Euribor nehunhu hwayo, kuitira kuti patinenge tichida tinogona kucherechedza nekunzwisisa kuti nei huwandu hwechido hunoratidza humwe hunhu.