Sau nawa muka ji game da hauhawar farashi, rikici, yadda tsada komai, da sauransu? A yau mutane da yawa sun san da hakan hauhawar farashi yana da alaƙa da hauhawar farashiAmma idan muna magana game da hauhawar hauhawa, me muke nufi? Don fayyace wannan tambayar, mun ƙaddamar da wannan labarin don ma'anar hauhawar hauhawar jini.
Baya ga bayanin abin da wannan lamarin yake, za mu kuma yi tsokaci kan lokacin da ya faru da yadda ake sarrafa shi. Idan kuna sha'awar batun kuma kuna son ƙarin sani game da hauhawar jini, ina ba ku shawara ku ci gaba da karatu.
Menene hauhawar hauhawa?
Kafin mu baku ma'anar hauhawar hauhawa, bari mu fara bayanin batun hauhawar farashin al'ada. Tsarin tattalin arziki ne wanda yake bayyana lokacin da akwai rashin daidaituwa tsakanin buƙata da samarwa. A waɗannan yanayin, farashin yawancin kayayyaki da aiyuka suna haɓaka koyaushe yayin da darajar kuɗi ke raguwa, ma'ana, ikon sayayya yana raguwa.
Lokacin da muke magana game da hauhawar jini muna nufi wani lokaci mai tsayi na hauhawar hauhawar farashi wanda darajar kudin ta rasa darajarta kuma farashin na ci gaba da hauhawa ba kakkautawa. A halin yanzu da karuwar da ake samu a cikin samar da kudi da kuma rashin son jama'a na rike kudin da aka karya su suka yi daidai, wannan tsarin tattalin arzikin ya yi fice sosai. Gabaɗaya, lokacin da ƙasa ke cikin wannan halin, mutane suna zaɓar musanya kuɗi don kadarori ko don kuɗin waje don riƙe wani abu mai daraja. Kamar yadda wannan sauti yake da kyau, abubuwa na iya yin muni. Idan babban banki ya kasa cire kuɗin da aka saka a yayin rikicin, duk wannan hoton yana ƙara muni.
A lokacin ƙarni na XNUMX, har ma a yau, akwai lokutan da yawa na hauhawar farashi mai yawa. Kodayake sun kasance mawuyacin yanayi a baya, har wa yau suna ci gaba da yin tasiri sosai ga tattalin arzikin duniya. A cikin tarihi, wasu lamura kamar rikice-rikicen kuɗi, rikicewar zamantakewar al'umma ko siyasa na rikice-rikice na ƙasa ko rikice-rikice na soja suna da alaƙa da hauhawar hauhawar jini.
Yaushe ne ake cewa hauhawar hauhawa?
A cikin 1956, farfesa a fannin tattalin arziki na Jami'ar Columbia Phillip D. Cagan ya ba da shawarar ma'anar hauhawar hauhawar jini. A cewarsa, wannan abin mamakin yana faruwa ne lokacin da hauhawar farashi kowane wata ya wuce 50% kuma ya ƙare lokacin da wannan ƙimar ta faɗi ƙasa da 50% na aƙalla shekara guda a jere.
Har ila yau, akwai wani ma'anar hauhawar jini wanda aka yarda da shi a duniya. Ana bayar da wannan ta Ka'idodin Rahoton Kuɗi na Duniya (IFRS). Partangare ne na Hukumar Kula da Accountididdigar Internationalasashen Duniya (IASB) kuma wakilanta sune waɗanda ke ƙayyade ƙa'idodin lissafin ƙasashen duniya (IAS). A cewarsu, wata kasa tana fama da hauhawar hauhawa lokacin da hauhawar farashi ya ƙara har zuwa sama da 100% a cikin shekaru uku.
A cikin rayuwar yau da kullun
Game da rayuwar yau da kullun, zamu iya lura da tasirin hauhawar jini a yanayi daban-daban ko kuma saboda halaye daban-daban. Misali, shaguna, suna iya canza farashin kayayyakin da suke siyarwa sau da yawa a rana. Menene ƙari, yawan jama'a sun fara kashe kudaden su akan kaya da wuri-wuri, domin kar a rasa ikon saye. Kodayake abu ne na yau da kullun a gare su su saya, misali, kayan aikin gida koda kuwa basa buƙatar su.
Wani abin da ke faruwa yawanci shi ne cewa ƙimar samfurorin za a fara lissafa su a cikin kuɗin waje wanda yake tsayayye, tunda na gida ba haka bane. A wasu lokuta an ƙirƙiri ba da izinin dolla Wato: Mutane sun gwammace su adana abin da suka tara kuma suyi ma'amala da kudaden waje duk lokacin da zai yiwu.
Ta yaya ake sarrafa hauhawar jini?
Kula da hauhawar jini yana da wahala kuma yawancin ɓangarorin jama'a ba su da lokaci mai kyau yayin duk taron. José Guerra, masanin tattalin arziki kuma mataimakin a majalisar kasa, ya ambaci wasu matakai guda biyar da za a iya dauka don dakatar da wannan bala'in tattalin arzikin, kamar yadda ya yi bayanin hauhawar hauhawar farashin. Za mu yi sharhi a kansu a ƙasa:
- Ikon kasafin kudi: Bai kamata ku kashe kuɗi fiye da yadda ake buƙata ba kuma ku rage kashe kuɗi ba babba a cikin ƙasar da ake magana.
- Kar a fitar da ƙarin kuɗin inoridic. A cewar José Guerra, "duk wani kudi da kuma kudin kasar dole ne a mara masa baya ta hanyar samar da kasa don ya kasance mai karko."
- Kawar da musaya. Ba tare da shi ba, ana iya sake ba da izinin yin canjin kuɗin waje.
- Kawar da abubuwan da ke kawo cikas ga saka hannun jari. José Guerra ya yi imanin cewa ya kamata a ba da izinin shigowa da fitarwa kyauta don haka tabbatar da 'yancin kasuwanci.
- Sake kunna sassa.
Ina fatan wannan labarin ya taimaka muku mafi kyau fahimtar menene hauhawar jini da yadda yake aiki. Asali ma kamar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ne, amma an ƙara ƙari kuma an tsawaita. Tare da kyakkyawan nazarin tattalin arziki zamu iya ganinsa yana zuwa kuma yayi ƙoƙarin shirya yadda yakamata.