Theimar amfani girma 2,7% duk da ƙarancin yanayin ƙimar riba a cikin Turai. Wannan shi ne abin da aka saba da shi a ayyukan bankunan yayin farkon zangon wannan shekarar. Inda kuma ya tabbata cewa bayar da ƙididdigar ya ragu a wannan lokacin ta ƙungiyoyin kuɗi. Zuwa ga rage bukatarta da maki da yawa idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata. A cikin wani yanayi na gama gari wanda ƙididdigar riba ta faɗi sakamakon farashin mai rahusa a yankin Euro.
A karo na farko a tarihi yawan kuɗin ruwa a cikin yankin Euro an samo shi a 0%. A takaice dai, bashi da wata ma'ana kuma wannan yana bayyana a cikin kasuwancin kasuwancin ƙungiyoyin kuɗi waɗanda suka rage iyakar matsakaiciyar su. Saboda abin da aka samu don wannan tunanin ya sha wahala sosai. Yin wasa da matsayinta a kasuwannin daidaito. Fiye da wasu lamuran yanayi na fasaha kuma wataƙila daga mahangar tushenta.
Yayin da a gefe guda, ajiyar ajiyar banki na tsayayyun lokaci kuma an rage su ta rashin ribar da suke samu sakamakon farashin mai rahusa. Dangane da sabbin bayanai daga Bankin Spain, matsakaiciyar ajiyar watanni 12 a ajalinta na dindindin a halin yanzu kudin ruwa na 0,13% kamar. Ofayan mafi ƙanƙanci a cikin recentan shekarun nan kuma hakan ya haifar da kyakkyawan ɓangare na ƙanana da matsakaitan masu saka jari da suka zaɓi wasu samfuran saka jari da adana su. Misali, kuɗaɗen shiga tsakanin juna da wasu lokuta, siye da siyar da hannun jari akan kasuwar hannun jari.
Bankunan: ajiya tare da karancin riba
Ofaya daga cikin halayen wannan samfurin kuɗin a cikin yearsan shekarun nan shine mahimmancin saukinsa a cikin ribar da bankuna ke amfani da su. Ina yana da matukar wahala a wuce matakin 0,60% don adana kuɗin ta wannan tsarin bankin. Wannan ya haifar da karkatar da tanadi zuwa wasu samfuran da suka fi fa'ida. Kodayake sun haɗa da ƙarin haɗari a cikin yanayin kwangilar saboda babu tabbataccen dawowar da aka tabbatar kowace shekara. A cikin babban yanayin da abubuwan motsa jiki ke gudana a cikin biyan kuɗin wannan rukunin samfuran kasuwancin kuɗi, na tsayayye da mai samun canji.
Duk da yake a ɗaya hannun, dole ne a kuma jaddada cewa wasu samfuran suna bayyana hakan sun fi motsa jiki don kiyaye tanadi a cikin yanayi mai wahala ga kasuwannin daidaito. Inda akwai zaɓuɓɓuka waɗanda za'a iya haɓaka fa'idarsu, amma ta hanyar ɗaukar ƙarin haɗari a cikin kwangilar waɗannan samfuran kuɗin. Ba abin mamaki bane, akwai ƙananan kayayyakin da aka ɗauka 100% amintattu, kamar yadda lamarin yake tare da ajiyar banki na ƙayyadadden lokaci. Kuma wannan gaskiyar tana shafar sakamakon kasuwancin cibiyoyin bashi.
Itsididdiga sun fi rahusa fiye da da
Wani yanayin da yake tasiri kan matsayin bankunan banki shine fa'idar da suke samu daga bada rancen su. A kowane ɗayan yanayin sa da tsarin sa: mabukaci, na sirri, jinginar gida ko ma ta waɗanda aka bayar ta hanyar katin kuɗi. Har ya zuwa cewa farashin wannan hannun jarin ya shafar wannan yanayin da bankuna suka gabatar sakamakon farashin mai rahusa. Inda matsakaicin kuɗin ruwa da suke amfani da shi yanzu yake a cikin kewayon da ke zuwa daga 6% zuwa 8%. Yawancin maki da yawa sun yi ƙasa da fewan shekarun da suka gabata, kafin rikicin tattalin arziki ya fara.
Duk da yake a gefe guda, hakan kuma yana shafar cewa kwamitocin da sauran kuɗaɗe a cikin sarrafawa ko kulawa sun ragu sosai idan aka kwatanta da sauran lokuta masu fa'ida ta fuskar kudi. Kamar dai yadda aka samu ci gaba mai yawa a cikin buƙata, kodayake a cikin 'yan watannin nan wannan yanayin ya canza a ɗabi'ar masu amfani da banki, kamar yadda ake iya gani daga sabbin bayanan da bankunan suka bayar. A cikin wani yanayi mai rikitarwa wanda ke ba da shakku da yawa ga ƙanana da matsakaitan masu saka jari waɗanda suka sami matsayi a cikin wasu sharuɗɗan wannan mahimmin sashi a tsakanin kuɗin ƙasa.
Hayar wasu kayan
Wani mahimmancin sakamakon wannan canjin a ɗabi'un kwastomomin banki shine gaskiyar cewa kuɗaɗen saka hannun jari sun sake dawowa a cikin 'yan watannin nan. Domin a zahiri, bisa ga ofungiyar Investungiyar Cibiyoyin Zuba Jari da Asusun fansho (Inverco) ya nuna cewa a tsakiyar babban rashin tabbas wanda ya daidaita yanayin kasuwannin, Asusun Zuba Jari ya rage kadarorinsu a watan Mayu da Yuro miliyan 4.500 (ƙasa da 1,7% ƙasa da watan da ya gabata), wanda ya tsaya a Yuro miliyan 264.492, ɗan fiye da Euro miliyan 6.977 sama da ƙarshen 2018 (2,7 % fiye da na Disamba na ƙarshe).
Wannan ragin cikin adalci ya kasance ne gaba ɗaya saboda rashin ingancin kasuwanni, tunda an yi rajistar kuɗin shiga na Euro miliyan 414 a cikin lokacin. Abin ya shafa, duka ga asusun saka hannun jari na adalci da wadanda ke cikin tsayayyen kudin shiga. Kamar yadda daga madadin tsari, kamar kuɗaɗen kuɗi, ƙasa ko ma ya dogara da albarkatun ƙasa. Kodayake daidaiton wannan shekarar a bayyane yake tabbatacce ga mahalarta wannan samfurin kuɗin.
Sayi hannun jari akan kasuwar hannun jari
Mafi ƙarancin matsakaici da matsakaita masu saka jari koyaushe suna da hanyar zaɓar abin saya da sayar da hannun jari a cikin kasuwannin hada-hadar kuɗi. A cikin shekara mai rikitarwa amma don lokacin yana biyan sakamako mai kyau. Haɗari ne wanda dole ne a ɗauka don inganta fa'ida ta ajiyar ku ta fuskar rauni mai komowa cikin ƙayyadadden kuɗin shiga da samfuran banki (adibas, bayanan kuɗi ko lamuni). Kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin samun fa'ida ta ɓangarorin cibiyoyin bashi don kwamitocin da kashe kuɗin da aikin su ya ƙunsa.
Kodayake yana daɗa rikitarwa don yin aiki mai fa'ida a cikin mafi ƙanƙanci saboda yanayin canjin da yake fitowa a kasuwannin daidaito. Inda yana da matukar wahala a kula da kwanaki masu jere na tsaunuka masu tsayi. Kodayake suna rarrabawa Raba tsakanin masu hannun jari tare da matsakaicin riba wanda yake kusa da 5%. A kowane hali, mafi girma daga abin da aka bayar ta samfuran ajiya waɗanda kusan sun wuce matakan 1%. A cikin babban yanayin da yake da wahalar gaske don tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin riba akan kuɗin da aka saka. Kuma wannan shine ke jagorantar masu amfani da banki don neman samfuran saka hannun jari waɗanda aka ƙirƙira su.
Bada kyauta
Balanceididdigar ma'auni na rukunin bankunan Spain sun wuce Euro tiriliyan 31 zuwa Maris 2019, 2,6, tare da girma na 3,2% shekara-shekara an tallafawa da mahimmanci ta hanyar karuwar wakilin kanun labarai na ayyukan banki na kasuwanci. Duk rancen kwastomomi da ajiyar kuɗi sun karu da fiye da 5%, yayin da ma'aunin lamunin bashi da aka bayar ya karu da 9% shekara-shekara.
Darajar abokin ciniki, a gefe guda, ya kai tiriliyan 1,6 har zuwa Maris, wanda ke wakiltar 5,2% mafi yawa a cikin yawan kuɗi kuma yana wakiltar kusan 60% na ƙididdigar kadarorin akan takardar ma'auni. Matsakaicin NPL ya ɗan kasance ƙasa da 4% bayan raguwar fiye da rabin kashi ɗaya idan aka kwatanta da na shekarar da ta gabata, tare da matakin ɗaukar hoto daidai da 67,4% na kadarorin da ake shakku, idan aka kwatanta da 68,7, XNUMX% daga shekarar da ta gabata.
Adadin kuɗi ya girma fiye da 5%
Adadin abokan ciniki ya tsaya akan Euro tiriliyan 1,4, da kashi 5,5% fiye da na Maris 2018, wanda tuni ya kasance wakiltar fiye da 55% na jimillar ma'auni kuma suna ba da izinin ajiyar lamuni zuwa ajiyar da za a adana a 108%. A gefe guda, daidaiton lamura ban da hannun jarin da aka bayar ya karu da Euro miliyan 30.000, 9,3% cikin watanni goma sha biyu da suka gabata, zuwa ƙimar sama da euro miliyan 350.000.
Akasin haka, da hada-hadar kudade daga bankunan tsakiya da cibiyoyin bada rance an rage shi zuwa tsaran kudi na Euro miliyan 13.000, daidai kashi 0,5% na jimillar jimillar, tare da raguwar Euro miliyan 35.000 a shekara. Ya zuwa Maris 31, 2019, darajar kuɗi ta kai Euro miliyan 192.000, tare da haɓaka shekara shekara na 1,7%. An bayyana shi dangane da haɓakar haɓaka, mafi girman darajar darajar CET1 an cika shi sosai ya tsaya a 11,3%, wanda shine maki 20 fiye da shekara daya da ta gabata.
Darajar abokin ciniki, a gefe guda, ya kai tiriliyan 1,6 har zuwa Maris, wanda ke wakiltar 5,2% mafi yawa a cikin yawan kuɗi kuma yana wakiltar kusan 60% na ƙididdigar kadarorin akan takardar ma'auni. Matsakaicin NPL ya ɗan kasance ƙasa da 4% bayan raguwar fiye da rabin kashi ɗaya idan aka kwatanta da na shekarar da ta gabata, tare da matakin ɗaukar hoto daidai da 67,4% na kadarorin da ake shakku, idan aka kwatanta da 68,7, XNUMX% daga shekarar da ta gabata.